Direction: In the following questions, you have a brief passage with 5 questions following the passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
As the rulers of the planet, humans like to think that it is the large creatures who will emerge victorious from the struggle for survival. However, nature teaches us the opposite : it is often the smallest species which are the toughest and most adaptable. A perfect example is the hummingbird, which is found in the Americas. One species of hummingbird known as the bee hummingbird ranks as the world’s smallest and lightest bird and it is barely visible when it is in flight. Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly backwards. They feed mainly on the nectar of flowers, a liquid that is rich in energy. Nectar is an ideal food source, for hummingbirds need an incredible amount of energy to sustain their body metabolism. A hummingbird’s wings flap at a rate of about 80 times per second and its tiny heart beats more than 1000 times per minute. This is why they must consume relatively large quantities of food. In the course of a day, a hummingbird consumes about half its body weight in nectar.

Direction: In the following questions, you have a brief passage with 5 questions following the passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
PASSAGE
Earth is the only planet so far known with the suitable environment for sustaining life. Land, water, air, plants and animals are the major components of the global environment. Population, food and energy are the three fundamental problems facing mankind. Unemployment, inflation, crowding, dwindling resources and pollution are all due to the factors like increasing population, high standard of living, deforestation, etc. Man has been tampering with the Ecosphere for a very long time and is forced to recognize that environmental resources are scarce. Environmental problems are really social problems. They begin with people as cause and end with people as victims. Unplanned use of resources has resulted in the depletion of fossils, fuels, pollution of air and water, deforestation which has resulted in ecological imbalance and draining away of national wealth through heavy expenditure on oil and power generation.