Comprehension


Direction: In the following questions, you have a brief passage with 5 questions following the passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
PASSAGE
The public distribution system, which provides food at low prices, is a subject of vital concern. There is a growing realization that though India has enough food to feed its masses two square meals a day, the monster of starvation and food insecurity continues to haunt the poor in our country. Increasing the purchasing power of the poor through providing productive employment leading to rising income, and thus good standard of living is the ultimate objective of public policy. However, till then, there is a need to provide assured supply of food through a restructured, more efficient and decentralized public distribution system (PDS). Although the PDS is extensive - it is one of the largest such systems in the world- it hasn’t reached the rural poor and the remote places. It remains an urban phenomenon, with the majority of the rural poor still out of its reach due to lack of economic and physical access. The poorest in the cities and the migrants are left out, for they generally do not possess ration cards. The allocation of PDS supplies in big cities is larger than in rural areas. In view of such deficiencies in the system, the PDS urgently needs to be streamlined. Also, considering the large foodgrain production combined with food subsidy on one hand and the continuing slow starvation and dismal poverty of rural population on the other, there is a strong case for making PDS target-group oriented. By making PDS taiget-group oriented, not only the poorest and the neediest would be reached without additional cost but we can also reduce the overall costs incurred.
SOME IMPORTANT WORDS
vital (Adj.) : urgently needed ; absolutely necessary
Starvation (N.): the state of suffering and death caused by having no food
haunt (V.) : to continue to cause problems for somebody for a long time
access (N.) : the oppurtunity/right to use something
migrants (N.) : a person who moves from one region/ country to another
deficiency (N.) : lack of an adequate quantity
streamlined (V.) : to make a system, an organisation, etc. work better
dismal (Adj) : causing/showing sadness

  1. The full form of PDS is









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    Public distribution system

    Correct Option: C

    Public distribution system


  1. Which of the following is true of public distribution system?









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    It has remained effective only in the cities.

    Correct Option: A

    It has remained effective only in the cities.



Direction: In the following questions, you have two brief passages with five questions following each passage. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
PASSAGE
The crowd surged forward through the narrow streets of Paris. There was a clatter of shutters being closed hastily by trembling hands–the citizens of Paris knew that once the fury of the people was excited there was no telling what they might do. They came to an old house which had a workshop on the ground floor. A head popped out of the door to see what it was all about “Get him! Get Thimonier! Smash his devilish machines!” yelled the crowd. They found the workshop without its owner. M. Thimonier had escaped by the back door. Now the fury of the demonstrators turned against the machines that were standing in the shop, ready to be delivered to buyers. They were systematically broken up and destroyed – dozens of them. Only when the last wheel and spindle had been trampled under foot did the infuriated crowd recover their senses. “That is the end of M’Sieur Thimonier and his sewing machines,” they said to one another and went home satisfied. Perhaps now they would find work, for they were all unemployed tailors and seamstresses who believed that their livelihood was threatened by that new invention.
SOME IMPORTANT WORDS
(1) surge (V.) : to move quickly and with force in a particular direction
(2) pop out (Phr. (V.) : come out/appear suddenly
(3) trample (V.) : to step heavily on somebody/ something
(4) infuriated (Adj.) : marked by extreme anger
(5) seamstress (N.) : a woman who can sew and make clothes/whose job is sewing and making clothes
(6) livelihood (N.) : a means of earning money in order to live

  1. The aim of the crowd was to









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    destroy the sewing machines

    Correct Option: A

    destroy the sewing machines


  1. The crowd was protesting against









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    the newly invented sewing machine.

    Correct Option: D

    the newly invented sewing machine.



  1. The passage throws light on









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    how a well-meant invention can be misunderstood.

    Correct Option: C

    how a well-meant invention can be misunderstood.