Direction: Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
PASSAGE
Every profession or trade, every art and every science has its technical vocabulary, the function of which is partly to designate things or processes which have no names in ordinary English and partly to secure greater exactness in nomenclature. Such special dialects or jargons are necessary in technical discussion of any kind. Being universally understood by the devotees of the particular science or art, they have the precision of a mathematical formula. Besides, they save time, for it is much more economical to name a process than to describe it. Thousands of these technical terms are very properly included in every large dictionary, yet, as a whole, they are rather on the outskirts of the English language than actually within its borders. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts and other vocations like farming and fishing that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times, the technical vocabulary is very old. An average man now uses these in his own vocabulary. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity and philosophy have become familiar to cultivated persons.
SOME IMPORTANT WORDS
(1) designate (V.) : give a specified status/name to
(2) nomenclature (N.) : a system of naming things (science)
(3) dialects (N.) : the form of a language that is spoken in one area with grammar, words and pronunciation that may be different from other forms of the same language
(4) jargons (N.) : words/expressions that are used by a particular profession/group of people, and are difficult for others to under stand
(5) precision (N.) : the quality of being exact, accurate and careful
(6) cultivated (Adj.) : having a high level of education and showing good manners

Direction: A passage is given with 5 questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
PASSAGE
A knowledge of grammar is essential for good speaking and writing, by which one’s mind is judged. Studying grammar means hard work : it must be learned as a whole, with no part omitted, and it demands much thought and patience. But, once acquired, it can give a lifetime’s pleasure and profit. Its study requires no physical hardship, no special room or expenses. If people spent only their leisure time studying grammar they could master it in one year. The author learned it in less than a year. As a private soldier earning sixpence a day, he sat on his bed and studied. Unable to afford candle or oil, he read in winter by firelight (when it was his turn). If he could manage it thus, and with no outside encouragement, then any youth, however poor or busy, could do the same.