Profit and Loss
- The cost price of 25 articles is equal to the selling price of 20 of them. The gain or loss percent is given by
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Let the C.P. of each article be $ 1.
∴ C.P. of 20 articles = $ 20
and S.P. of 20 articles = $ 25
Profit = S.P. of 20 articles - C.P. of 20 articles = 25 - 20 = $ 5Percentage profit = Profit × 100 C.P. of 20 articles Percentage profit = 5 × 100 = 25% 20
Second method to solve this question :
Here, p = 25, q = 20
Using gain% formula ,Gain % = 
p - q 
× 100 q Correct Option: B
Let the C.P. of each article be $ 1.
∴ C.P. of 20 articles = $ 20
and S.P. of 20 articles = $ 25
Profit = S.P. of 20 articles - C.P. of 20 articles = 25 - 20 = $ 5Percentage profit = Profit × 100 C.P. of 20 articles Percentage profit = 5 × 100 = 25% 20
Second method to solve this question :
Here, p = 25, q = 20
Using gain% formula ,Gain % = p - q × 100 q Gain % = 25 - 20 × 100 20 Gain % = 500 = 25% 20
- The cost price of 24 apples is the same as the selling price of 18 apples. The percentage of gain is :
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Let the CP of 1 apple = $.1
∴ CP of 18 apples = $ 18
SP of 18 apples = $ 24
Gain = SP of 18 apples - CP of 18 apples = 24 - 18 = $ 6∴ Gain percent = Gain × 100 CP of 18 apples Gain percent = 6 × 100 18 Gain percent = 100 = 33 1 % 3 3
Second method to solve this question :
Here, p = 24, q = 18Gain % = p - q × 100 q
Correct Option: D
Let the CP of 1 apple = $.1
∴ CP of 18 apples = $ 18
SP of 18 apples = $ 24
Gain = SP of 18 apples - CP of 18 apples = 24 - 18 = $ 6∴ Gain percent = Gain × 100 CP of 18 apples Gain percent = 6 × 100 18 Gain percent = 100 = 33 1 % 3 3
Second method to solve this question :
Here, p = 24, q = 18Gain % = p - q × 100 q Gain % = 24 - 18 × 100 18 Gain % = 6 × 100 = 33 1 % 18 3
- The cost price of 400 lemons is equal to the selling price of 320 lemons. Then the profit percent is
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Let the CP of 1 lemon = $ 1
∴ CP of 320 lemons = $ 320
SP of 320 lemons = $ 400
If SP > CP , then
Profit = SP of 320 lemons - CP of 320 lemons = 400 - 320 = $ 80Profit percent = Profit × 100 CP of 320 lemons Profit percent = 80 × 100 = 25% 320
Second method to solve this question :
Here, p = 400, q = 320Gain % = p - q × 100 q
Correct Option: C
Let the CP of 1 lemon = $ 1
∴ CP of 320 lemons = $ 320
SP of 320 lemons = $ 400
If SP > CP , then
Profit = SP of 320 lemons - CP of 320 lemons = 400 - 320 = $ 80Profit percent = Profit × 100 CP of 320 lemons Profit percent = 80 × 100 = 25% 320
Second method to solve this question :
Here, p = 400, q = 320Gain % = p - q × 100 q Gain % = 400 - 320 × 100 320 Gain % = 80 × 100 = 25% 320
- A dishonest dealer defrauds to the extent of x % in buying as well as selling his goods by using faulty weight. What will be the gain per cent on his outlay?
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Let the C.P. of each article be Re.1.
Percentage of dishonesty = 10%
(Here x% = 10%)∴ Actual C.P. = 100 = Rs. 10 110 11
∵ He buys 110 articles in Rs. 100.
∵ He sells 90 articles at the C.P. of 100 articles.∴ Actual S.P. = 100 = Rs. 10 90 9
∴ Profit percent
Profit percent = 20 × 11 × 100 = 200 99 10 9 ∴ Profit percent = 22 2 % 9 Correct Option: C
Let the C.P. of each article be Re.1.
Percentage of dishonesty = 10%
(Here x% = 10%)∴ Actual C.P. = 100 = Rs. 10 110 11
∵ He buys 110 articles in Rs. 100.
∵ He sells 90 articles at the C.P. of 100 articles.∴ Actual S.P. = 100 = Rs. 10 90 9
∴ Profit percent= 20 × 11 × 100 = 200 99 10 9 Profit percent = 22 2 % 9
- The selling price of 12 articles is equal to the cost price of 15 articles. The gain percent is
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Let the CP of 1 articles = $ 1
∴ CP of 12 articles = $ 12
SP of 12 articles = $ 15
Gain = SP of 12 articles - CP of 12 articles = 15 - 12 = $ 3∴ Gain percent = Gain × 100 CP of 12 articles Gain percent = 15 - 12 × 100 = 25% 12
We can find gain % with the help of given formula :
Here, p = 15, q = 12Gain % = p - q × 100 q
Correct Option: C
Let the CP of 1 articles = $ 1
∴ CP of 12 articles = $ 12
SP of 12 articles = $ 15
Gain = SP of 12 articles - CP of 12 articles = 15 - 12 = $ 3∴ Gain percent = Gain × 100 CP of 12 articles Gain percent = 15 - 12 × 100 = 25% 12
We can find gain % with the help of given formula :
Here, p = 15, q = 12Gain % = p - q × 100 q Gain % = 15 - 12 × 100 12 Gain % = 3 × 100 = 25% 12
