Profit and Loss
- If the ratio of cost price and selling price of an article be 10 : 11, the profit percentage is
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Ratio of cost price and selling price of an article = 10 : 11
Let C.P. of article = Rs. 10k
S.P. of article = Rs. 11k
Profit = Rs. (11k – 10k) = Rs. k∴ Profit percent = Profit × 100 C.P. of article
Correct Option: B
Ratio of cost price and selling price of an article = 10 : 11
Let C.P. of article = Rs. 10k
S.P. of article = Rs. 11k
Profit = Rs. (11k – 10k) = Rs. k∴ Profit percent = Profit × 100 C.P. of article Profit percent = x × 100 = 10% 10x
- A and B invest in a business in the ratio 3 : 2. If 5% of the total profit goes to charity and A’s share in profit is Rs. 8,550, then total profit is
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Let total profit be Rs. p.
Remaining profit after donations to charity = Rs. 95p 100 Remaining profit after donations to charity = Rs. 19p 20
A : B = 3 : 2
Sum of the terms of the ratio = 3 + 2 = 5∴ A’s share = 19p × 3 20 5
Correct Option: D
Let total profit be Rs. p.
Remaining profit after donations to charity = Rs. 95p 100 Remaining profit after donations to charity = Rs. 19p 20
A : B = 3 : 2
Sum of the terms of the ratio = 3 + 2 = 5∴ A’s share = 19p × 3 20 5 ∴ 19 × 3p = 8550 100 ⇒ p = 8550 × 100 = Rs. 15000 19 × 3
- In what proportion must water be added with milk to gain 20% by selling the mixture at cost price?
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If the cost price of milk be Rs. 100,
then Selling price of milk = Rs. 120
Gain = Selling price of milk - Cost price of milk = 120 - 100 = Rs. 20Correct Option: A
If the cost price of milk be Rs. 100,
then Selling price of milk = Rs. 120
Gain = Selling price of milk - Cost price of milk = 120 - 100 = Rs. 20
∴ Required ratio = 20 : 100 = 1 : 5
- Costs of two watches were in the ratio of 16 : 23. The cost of first watch increases by 10% and that of second by Rs. 477. Now the costs of two watches are in a ratio of 11 : 20. The price of the second watch (in Rs.) in the beginning was
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Given in question , The ratio of cost price of two watches = 16 : 23
Let C.P. of first watch = Rs.16x
C.P. of second watch = Rs. 23x
According to the question,Ratio after corresponding increases = 11 20 
⇒ 1760x = 11 100(23x + 477) 20 ⇒ 160x = 1 5(23x + 477)
⇒ 160x = 115x + 2385
Correct Option: B
Given in question , The ratio of cost price of two watches = 16 : 23
Let C.P. of first watch = Rs.16x
C.P. of second watch = Rs. 23x
According to the question,Ratio after corresponding increases = 11 20 ⇒ 1760x = 11 100(23x + 477) 20 ⇒ 160x = 1 5(23x + 477)
⇒ 160x = 115x + 2385
⇒ 160x – 115x = 2385
⇒ 45x = 2385⇒ x = 2385 = 53 45
∴ Original C.P of second watch = Rs. 23x = Rs. (23 × 53 )
Original C.P of second watch = Rs.1219
- If a sum of Rs. 1,170 was distributed among A, B and C in the ratio 2 : 3 : 4, by mistake, in place of (1 / 2) : (1 / 3) : (1 / 4) , who was benefited most and by how much?
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Here , Sum of money = Rs. 1,170
Distribution among A, B and C :Actual ratio = 1 : 1 : 1 2 3 4
Actual ratio
Actual ratio = 6 : 4 : 3
Wrong ratio = 2 : 3 : 4
Correct Option: B
Here , Sum of money = Rs. 1,170
Distribution among A, B and C :Actual ratio = 1 : 1 : 1 2 3 4
Actual ratio
Actual ratio = 6 : 4 : 3
Wrong ratio = 2 : 3 : 4
Clearly, C gained.
Gain
Gain = Rs. (520 – 270) = Rs. 250
