Profit and Loss
- A person sells two machines at $ 396 each. On one he gains 10% and on the other he loses 10%. His profit or loss in the whole transaction is :
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Here, the S.P. is same for both the machines. Hence, there will be always a loss in this situation.
Given , y = 10%Required loss % = y2 100
Correct Option: B
Here, the S.P. is same for both the machines. Hence, there will be always a loss in this situation.
Given , y = 10%Required loss % = y2 100 Required loss % = 10 × 10 = 1% 100
- A man purchased 150 pens at the rate of $ 12 per pen. He sold 50 pens at a gain of 10%. The percentage gain at which he must sell the remaining pens so as to gain 15% on the whole outlay is
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Given that , S.P. of each pen = $ 12
Required S.P. of 150 pens. = 150 × 12 × 115 = $ 2070 100 S.P. of first 50 pens = 50 × 12 × 100 = $ 660 100
∴ Required S.P. of 100 pens = 2070 – 660 = $ 1410
C.P. of 100 pens = $ 1200
Gain = 1410 - 1200 = $ 210∴ Gain percent = 210 × 100 1200
Correct Option: D
Given that , S.P. of each pen = $ 12
Required S.P. of 150 pens. = 150 × 12 × 115 = $ 2070 100 S.P. of first 50 pens = 50 × 12 × 100 = $ 660 100
∴ Required S.P. of 100 pens = 2070 – 660 = $ 1410
C.P. of 100 pens = $ 1200
Gain = 1410 - 1200 = $ 210∴ Gain percent = 210 × 100 1200 Gain percent = 35 = 17 1 % 2 2
- By selling 4 articles for 1 rupee, a man loses 4%. Had he sold three articles per rupee, the profit would have been :
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Here , S.P. of 4 articles = ₹ 1
C.P. of 1 article = 1 × 100 4 96 C.P. of 1 article = ₹ 25 96 ∴ C.P. of 3 articles = ₹ 75 96 ∴ Gain = 1 - 75 = 96 - 75 96 96 Gain = 21 = 7 96 32 
Correct Option: B
Here , S.P. of 4 articles = ₹ 1
C.P. of 1 article = 1 × 100 4 96 C.P. of 1 article = ₹ 25 96 ∴ C.P. of 3 articles = ₹ 75 96 ∴ Gain = 1 - 75 = 96 - 75 96 96 Gain = 21 = 7 96 32 Gain percent = 7 × 96 × 100 = 28% 32 75
- A shopkeeper sells an article at a loss of (25 / 2) %. Had he sold it for $ 51.80 more, he would have earned a profit of 6%. The cost price of the article is
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Let the C.P. of article be $ y.
∴ S.P. = 175y 200 New S.P. = $ 
7y + 51.80 
8 ∴ 175y + 51.8 = 106 × y 200 100 ⇒ 106y - 175y = 51.8 100 200 ⇒ 212y - 175y = 51.8 200
⇒ 37 y = 51.8 × 200⇒ y = 51.8 × 200 = $ 280 37
We can find required answer with the help of given formula :
Here, a = 12.5% , R = $ 51.80 , b = 6%C.P. = R × 100 b + a
Correct Option: A
Let the C.P. of article be $ y.
∴ S.P. = 175y 200 New S.P. = $ 7y + 51.80 8 ∴ 175y + 51.8 = 106 × y 200 100 ⇒ 106y - 175y = 51.8 100 200 ⇒ 212y - 175y = 51.8 200
⇒ 37 y = 51.8 × 200⇒ y = 51.8 × 200 = $ 280 37
We can find required answer with the help of given formula :
Here, a = 12.5% , R = $ 51.80 , b = 6%C.P. = R × 100 b + a C.P. = 51.80 × 100 12.5 + 6 C.P. = 5180 = $ 280 18.5
- Mohan sold his watch at 10% loss. If he had sold it for $ 45 more, he would have made 5% profit. The selling price (in $) of the watch was
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If the C.P. of watch be $ y,
thenFirst S.P. = 9y 10
According to question ,∴ 105y - 9y = 45 100 100 ⇒ 105y - 90y = 45 100 ⇒ 15y = 45 100 ⇒ y = 45 × 100 = $ 300 15 ∴ S. P. = 300 × 9 = $ 270 10
We can find required answer with the help of given formula :
Here, a = 10%, R = $ 45, b = 5%C.P. = R × 100 b + a
Correct Option: D
If the C.P. of watch be $ y,
thenFirst S.P. = 9y 10
According to question ,∴ 105y - 9y = 45 100 100 ⇒ 105y - 90y = 45 100 ⇒ 15y = 45 100 ⇒ y = 45 × 100 = $ 300 15 ∴ S. P. = 300 × 9 = $ 270 10
We can find required answer with the help of given formula :
Here, a = 10%, R = $ 45, b = 5%C.P. = R × 100 b + a C.P. = 4500 10 + 5 C.P. = 4500 = 300 15 ⇒ S.P. = 300 – 300 × 10 = $ 270 100
