Advanced Biotech Miscellaneous
- The growth medium for mammalian cells contains serum. One of the major functions of serum is to stimulate cell growth and attachment. However, it must be filter sterilized to
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Serum is commonly used as a supplement to cell culture media. It supports cell growth and product formation by providing a broad spectrum of macromolecules, nutrients and vitamins as well as certain growth factors and hormones. However, serum must be filter sterilized with 0.45? filter paper before using in the media to grow mammalian cells because it contains Mycoplasma and microorganisms as contaminants.
Correct Option: C
Serum is commonly used as a supplement to cell culture media. It supports cell growth and product formation by providing a broad spectrum of macromolecules, nutrients and vitamins as well as certain growth factors and hormones. However, serum must be filter sterilized with 0.45? filter paper before using in the media to grow mammalian cells because it contains Mycoplasma and microorganisms as contaminants.
- The plasmid DNA was subjected to restriction digestion using the enzyme EcoRI and analysed on an agarose gel. Assuming digestion has worked (the enzyme was active), match the identity of the DNA bands shown in the image in Group I with their identity in Group II.
Group–I Group–II P. Bands labeled as A 1. Nicked Q. Band labeled as B 2. Supercoiled R. Band labeled as C 3. Concatemers S. Band labeled as D 4. Linear
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The bands which are labeled as A were uncut and separated at three different regions on the agarose gel after digestion with EcoRI. It shows that the plasmid A separates is having concatemers. Plasmid B labeled as B is nicked while Plasmid C which is labeled as C has a very thick band which suggests that Plasmid C is supercoiled. Band D was the only plasmid which was the digested product of Eco RI are linear because EcoRI has already digested the plasmid.
Correct Option: A
The bands which are labeled as A were uncut and separated at three different regions on the agarose gel after digestion with EcoRI. It shows that the plasmid A separates is having concatemers. Plasmid B labeled as B is nicked while Plasmid C which is labeled as C has a very thick band which suggests that Plasmid C is supercoiled. Band D was the only plasmid which was the digested product of Eco RI are linear because EcoRI has already digested the plasmid.
- Match the following plant sources with their secondary metabolites and medical uses.
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Belladona plant produces a type of secondary metabolite called atropine which helps in the ocular examination procedure. Foxglove produces a secondary metabolite called digitalin that helps in the treatment of cardiac diseases. Pacific yew is another plant with medicinal use which produces taxol that is extensively used in cancer research and treatment purposes. Eucalyptus is used in the production of menthol that helps in the curing of cough and cold.
Correct Option: A
Belladona plant produces a type of secondary metabolite called atropine which helps in the ocular examination procedure. Foxglove produces a secondary metabolite called digitalin that helps in the treatment of cardiac diseases. Pacific yew is another plant with medicinal use which produces taxol that is extensively used in cancer research and treatment purposes. Eucalyptus is used in the production of menthol that helps in the curing of cough and cold.
- The pungency of mustard seeds is primarily due to secondary metabolites such as isothiocyanate and nitrile. The pungency is usually felt only when the seeds are crushed. This is because of
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There are several species of mustard. Black mustard (Brassica nigra) produces small seeds that become black at maturity. They have an extremely rich and pungent flavor, stronger than yellow mustard. White mustard (Sinapis alba) produces large yellow-colored seeds with a bitter taste that is not as pungent as other varieties. Indian mustard or mustard greens (Brassica juncea) is a green vegetable whose very tasty leaves are used in the same way as spinach. The chemicals that are responsible for pungency are stored in inactive conjugate form in compartments within the seeds and are protected from enzymes. But when seeds are crushed, the pungent chemicals come in contact with the enzymes and are converted into active chemicals which give the pungent smell.
Correct Option: B
There are several species of mustard. Black mustard (Brassica nigra) produces small seeds that become black at maturity. They have an extremely rich and pungent flavor, stronger than yellow mustard. White mustard (Sinapis alba) produces large yellow-colored seeds with a bitter taste that is not as pungent as other varieties. Indian mustard or mustard greens (Brassica juncea) is a green vegetable whose very tasty leaves are used in the same way as spinach. The chemicals that are responsible for pungency are stored in inactive conjugate form in compartments within the seeds and are protected from enzymes. But when seeds are crushed, the pungent chemicals come in contact with the enzymes and are converted into active chemicals which give the pungent smell.
- Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion (a) and Reason (r).
Assertion : The production of secondary metabolites in plant cell cultures is enhanced by the addition of elicitors.
Reason : Elicitors induce the expression of enzymes responsibie for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.
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Elicitors are compounds, which activate chemical defense in plants. Various biosynthetic biosynthetic pathways are activated in treated plants depending on the compound used. They are compounds that when introduced into a living organism signals the activation or synthesis of another compound. Thus (R) is true but (A) is false.
Correct Option: D
Elicitors are compounds, which activate chemical defense in plants. Various biosynthetic biosynthetic pathways are activated in treated plants depending on the compound used. They are compounds that when introduced into a living organism signals the activation or synthesis of another compound. Thus (R) is true but (A) is false.
