Syllogism
Direction: In each of the question below are Four statements following by Four conclusions numbered I, II, II and IV. You have to take the Four given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows from the two statements disregarding commonly known fact.
- Statement:
Some pencils are kites.
Some kites are desks.
All desks are jungles.
All jungles are mountains.
Conclusions:
I. Some mountains are pencils.
II. Some jungles are pencils.
III. Some mountains are desks
IV. Some jungles are kites.
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Some kites are desks + All desks are jungles. = I + A = I = Some kites are jungles → Conversion → Some jungles are kites (I) Hence IV follows. some pencils are kites + Some jungles are kites = I + I = No conclusion Hence I and II does not follow. All desks are jungles + All jungles are mountains = A + A = A = All desks are mountains → Conversion → Some mountains are desks (I). Hence III follows.
Correct Option: C
Some kites are desks + All desks are jungles. = I + A = I = Some kites are jungles → Conversion → Some jungles are kites (I) Hence IV follows. some pencils are kites + Some jungles are kites = I + I = No conclusion Hence I and II does not follow. All desks are jungles + All jungles are mountains = A + A = A = All desks are mountains → Conversion → Some mountains are desks (I). Hence III follows.
- Statement:
Some trains are cars. All cars are branches. All branches are nets.
Some nets are dresses.
Conclusions:
I. Some dresses are cars
II. Some nets are trains.
III. Some branches are trains
IV. Some dresses are trains.
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All branches are nets + Some nets are dresses = A + I = No conclusion Hence I and IV does not follow. Some trains are branches → conversion → Some branches are trains (I) Hence III follows. Some trains are branches + All branches are nets = I + A = I = Some trains are nets → conversion → Some nets are trains (I) Hence II follows.
Correct Option: B
All branches are nets + Some nets are dresses = A + I = No conclusion Hence I and IV does not follow. Some trains are branches → conversion → Some branches are trains (I) Hence III follows. Some trains are branches + All branches are nets = I + A = I = Some trains are nets → conversion → Some nets are trains (I) Hence II follows.
- Statement:
Some drums are posters.
All posters are windows.
Some windows are tablets.
All tablets are books.
Conclusions:
I. Some windows are drums.
II. Some books are posters.
III. Some tablets are drums.
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Some drums are posters + All posters are windows = I + A = I = Some drums are windows → conversion → Some windows are drums (I) Hence I follows. All posters are windows + Some windows are tablets = A + I = No conclusion Hence neither I or III follows.
Correct Option: B
Some drums are posters + All posters are windows = I + A = I = Some drums are windows → conversion → Some windows are drums (I) Hence I follows. All posters are windows + Some windows are tablets = A + I = No conclusion Hence neither I or III follows.
- Statement:
All chairs are keys. All keys are balloons. Some balloons are mirrors.
Some mirrors are desks.
Conclusions:
I. Some desks are keys.
II. Some balloons are mirrors.
III. Some mirrors are balloons.
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All keys are balloons + Some balloons are mirrors = A + I = No conclusion Hence I does not follow. All chairs are keys + All keys are balloons = A + A = A = All chairs are balloons → conversion → Some balloons are chairs (I) Hence II follows. Some balloons are mirrors (I) → conversion → Some mirrors are balloons (I) Hence III follows.
Correct Option: D
All keys are balloons + Some balloons are mirrors = A + I = No conclusion Hence I does not follow. All chairs are keys + All keys are balloons = A + A = A = All chairs are balloons → conversion → Some balloons are chairs (I) Hence II follows. Some balloons are mirrors (I) → conversion → Some mirrors are balloons (I) Hence III follows.
- Statement:
All bulbs are wires. No wire is cable. Some cables are brushes. All brushes are paints.
Conclusions:
I. Some paints are cables.
II. Some wires are bulbs
III. Some brushes are wires.
IV. Some cables are bulbs.
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Some cables are brushes + All brushes are paints → conversion → Some paints are cables (I) Hence I follows. All bulbs are wires (A) → conversion → Some wires are bulbs (I) Hence II follows. No wire is cable + Some cables are brushes = I + E = O* = Some brushers are not wires Hence III does not follow. All bulbs is cable → conversion → No cable is bulb (E) Hence IV does not follow.
Correct Option: B
Some cables are brushes + All brushes are paints → conversion → Some paints are cables (I) Hence I follows. All bulbs are wires (A) → conversion → Some wires are bulbs (I) Hence II follows. No wire is cable + Some cables are brushes = I + E = O* = Some brushers are not wires Hence III does not follow. All bulbs is cable → conversion → No cable is bulb (E) Hence IV does not follow.
