Syllogism
Direction: In each of the question below are three statements following by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows from the two statements disregarding commonly known fact.
- Statement:
Some radios are telephones. All telephones are mirrors. All mirrors are desks.
Conclusions:
I. Some radios are desks.
II. Some radios are mirrors.
III. Some desks are telephones.
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Some radios are telephones + All telephones are mirrors = I + A = I = Some radios are mirrors Hence II follows Some radios are mirrors + All mirrors are desks = I + A = I = Some radios are desks Hence I follows. All telephones are mirrors + All mirrors are desks = A + A + = All telephones are desks → conversion → Some desks are telephones (I). Hence III follows.
Correct Option: D
Some radios are telephones + All telephones are mirrors = I + A = I = Some radios are mirrors Hence II follows Some radios are mirrors + All mirrors are desks = I + A = I = Some radios are desks Hence I follows. All telephones are mirrors + All mirrors are desks = A + A + = All telephones are desks → conversion → Some desks are telephones (I). Hence III follows.
- Statement:
All furniture are jungles. No jungle is road. Some road are hills.
Conclusions:
I. Some roads are furniture.
II. Some jungles are furniture.
III. Some hills are jungles.
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All furniture are jungles + No jungle is road = A + E = E = No furniture is road → conversion → No road is furniture (E) Hence I does not follows. All furniture are jungles (A) → conversion → Some jungles are furniture (I). Hence II follows. No jungle is road + Some roads are hills = E + I = O* = Some hills are not jungles Hence III does not follows.
Correct Option: B
All furniture are jungles + No jungle is road = A + E = E = No furniture is road → conversion → No road is furniture (E) Hence I does not follows. All furniture are jungles (A) → conversion → Some jungles are furniture (I). Hence II follows. No jungle is road + Some roads are hills = E + I = O* = Some hills are not jungles Hence III does not follows.
- Statement:
All brick are stones. Some stones are rocks. All rocks are mountains.
Conclusions:
I. Some mountains are stones.
II. Some mountains are bricks.
III. Some stones are bricks.
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Some stones are rocks + All rocks are mountains = I + A = I = Some stones are mountains → conversion → Some mountains are stones (I). Hence II follows. All brick are stones + Some stones are mountains = A + I = No conclusion Hence II does not follow. All brick are stones (A) → conversion → Some stone are bricks(I). Hence III follows.
Correct Option: C
Some stones are rocks + All rocks are mountains = I + A = I = Some stones are mountains → conversion → Some mountains are stones (I). Hence II follows. All brick are stones + Some stones are mountains = A + I = No conclusion Hence II does not follow. All brick are stones (A) → conversion → Some stone are bricks(I). Hence III follows.
- Statement:
Some bags are plates. Some plates are chairs. All chairs are tables.
Conclusions:
I. Some tables are plates.
II. Some chairs are bags.
III. No chair is bag.
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Some pates are chairs + All chairs are tables = I + A = I = Some plates are tables → conversion → Some tables are plates(I). Hence I follows. Some bags are plates + Some plates are chairs = I + I = No conclusion Hence II and III do not follow. By combination. However, the two form a complementary E-I pair, Hence either I or III follows.
Correct Option: C
Some pates are chairs + All chairs are tables = I + A = I = Some plates are tables → conversion → Some tables are plates(I). Hence I follows. Some bags are plates + Some plates are chairs = I + I = No conclusion Hence II and III do not follow. By combination. However, the two form a complementary E-I pair, Hence either I or III follows.
- Statement:
All desks are rooms. Some rooms are halls. All halls are leaves.
Conclusions:
I. Some leaves are desks.
II. Some halls are desks.
III. Some leaves are rooms.
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Some rooms are halls + All halls are leaves = I + A = I = Some rooms are leaves → conversion → Some leaves are rooms(I) Hence III follows. All desks are rooms + Some rooms are halls = A + I = No conclusion Hence II and consequently I do not follow.
Correct Option: D
Some rooms are halls + All halls are leaves = I + A = I = Some rooms are leaves → conversion → Some leaves are rooms(I) Hence III follows. All desks are rooms + Some rooms are halls = A + I = No conclusion Hence II and consequently I do not follow.
