Syllogism
Direction: In each of the question below are three statements following by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. You have to take the three given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows from the two statements disregarding commonly known fact.
- Statement:
Some bags are plates. Some plates are chairs. All chairs are tables.
Conclusions:
I. Some tables are plates.
II. Some chairs are bags.
III. No chair is bag.
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Some pates are chairs + All chairs are tables = I + A = I = Some plates are tables → conversion → Some tables are plates(I). Hence I follows. Some bags are plates + Some plates are chairs = I + I = No conclusion Hence II and III do not follow. By combination. However, the two form a complementary E-I pair, Hence either I or III follows.
Correct Option: C
Some pates are chairs + All chairs are tables = I + A = I = Some plates are tables → conversion → Some tables are plates(I). Hence I follows. Some bags are plates + Some plates are chairs = I + I = No conclusion Hence II and III do not follow. By combination. However, the two form a complementary E-I pair, Hence either I or III follows.
- Statement:
All brick are stones. Some stones are rocks. All rocks are mountains.
Conclusions:
I. Some mountains are stones.
II. Some mountains are bricks.
III. Some stones are bricks.
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Some stones are rocks + All rocks are mountains = I + A = I = Some stones are mountains → conversion → Some mountains are stones (I). Hence II follows. All brick are stones + Some stones are mountains = A + I = No conclusion Hence II does not follow. All brick are stones (A) → conversion → Some stone are bricks(I). Hence III follows.
Correct Option: C
Some stones are rocks + All rocks are mountains = I + A = I = Some stones are mountains → conversion → Some mountains are stones (I). Hence II follows. All brick are stones + Some stones are mountains = A + I = No conclusion Hence II does not follow. All brick are stones (A) → conversion → Some stone are bricks(I). Hence III follows.
- Statement:
All furniture are jungles. No jungle is road. Some road are hills.
Conclusions:
I. Some roads are furniture.
II. Some jungles are furniture.
III. Some hills are jungles.
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All furniture are jungles + No jungle is road = A + E = E = No furniture is road → conversion → No road is furniture (E) Hence I does not follows. All furniture are jungles (A) → conversion → Some jungles are furniture (I). Hence II follows. No jungle is road + Some roads are hills = E + I = O* = Some hills are not jungles Hence III does not follows.
Correct Option: B
All furniture are jungles + No jungle is road = A + E = E = No furniture is road → conversion → No road is furniture (E) Hence I does not follows. All furniture are jungles (A) → conversion → Some jungles are furniture (I). Hence II follows. No jungle is road + Some roads are hills = E + I = O* = Some hills are not jungles Hence III does not follows.
Direction: In each of the question below are Four statements following by Four conclusions numbered I, II, II and IV. You have to take the Four given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows from the two statements disregarding commonly known fact.
- Statement:
All pens are clocks. Some clocks are tyres. Some tyres are wheels.
Some wheels are buses.
Conclusions:
I. Some buses are tyres.
II. Some wheels are clocks.
III. Some wheels are pens.
IV. Some buses are clocks.
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A + I and I + I both result is no conclusion.
Correct Option: A
A + I and I + I both result is no conclusion.
Direction: There are two statements followed by two conclusions I and II. Assuming the statements are true, decide which one of the conclusions logically follows, disregarding commonly known facts.
- Statements:
(a) All poets are intelligent.
(b) All singers are intelligent.
Conclusions:
I. All singers are poets.
II. Some intelligent persons are not singers.
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Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A - type).
Correct Option: D
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A - type). These two Premises are not aligned. Now take the Converse of one of the Premises to align them.
