Syllogism


  1. For the Venn diagram given below, which of the following conclusion(s) is/are true?
    I. Some Captains are painters.
    II. Some Lieutenants are painters.
    III. All Majors are soldiers.
    IV. All Captains are soldiers.
    V. All soldiers are painters.











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    All Majors are captains.
    All Majors are Lieutenants.
    All Majors are Soldiers.
    (This is Conclusion III )
    All captains are Soldiers.

    Correct Option: D

    All Majors are captains.
    All Majors are Lieutenants.
    All Majors are Soldiers.
    (This is Conclusion III )
    All captains are Soldiers.
    (This is Conclusion IV ).
    All Lieutenants are Soldiers.
    All Painters are Soldiers.
    No Painter is Captain.


Direction: Two statement are given followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to consider the two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which one of the given conclusions are definitely drawn from the given statements:

  1. Statements :
    Some peons are poor.
    X is poor.
    Conclusions :
    I. X is a peon.
    II. X has a large family.









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    The first premise is particular Affirmative (I- Type). The second premise is Universal Affirmative (A-Type).
    We can align the premises by converting the first premise and changing their order.

    Correct Option: D

    The first premise is particular Affirmative (I- Type). The second premise is Universal Affirmative (A-Type).
    We can align the premises by converting the first premise and changing their order. Thus,
    X is poor → Some poors are peons have a doctorate degree.
    We know that,
    A + I = No conclusion.



Direction: A statement(s) is/ are given followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to consider the statement(s) to be true, even if it seems to be at variance from commonly known facts. You are to decide which of the given conclusions can definitely be drawn from the given statement (s). Indicate your answer.

  1. Statements:
    (A) All basketball players are tall men.
    (B). All basketball players are athletes.
    Conclusions:
    I. All tall men are basketball players.
    II. All athletes are basketball players.









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    Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type). We can align the Premises by taking converse of any of the premises.
    Some tall men are basketball players ↔ All basketball players are athletes.

    Correct Option: C

    Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type). We can align the Premises by taking converse of any of the premises.
    Some tall men are basketball players ↔ All basketball players are athletes.
    I + A ⇒I - type of conclusion ”Some tall men are athletes".


Direction: Which alternatives applies to the given statements and its conclusions?

  1. Statements:
    Some doctors are teachers.
    All teachers are counsellors.
    Conclusions:
    I. Some counsellors are not teachers.
    II. Some doctors are counsellors









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    First premise is Particular Affirmative (I–type).
    Second premise is Universal Affirmative (I-type).
    Both the premises are already aligned.Thus,
    Some doctors are teachers ↔ All teachers are counsellors.

    Correct Option: B

    First premise is Particular Affirmative (I–type).
    Second premise is Universal Affirmative (I-type).
    Both the premises are already aligned. Thus,
    Some doctors are teachers ↔ All teachers are counsellors.
    We know that, I + A ⇒ I-type conclusion.
    Therefor, our derived conclusion would be:
    “Some doctors are counsellors”. Thus, only conclusion II follows.




Direction: Two statements are followed by two conclusions I and II. You have to consider the two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which one of the given conclusions are definitely drawn from the given statements:

  1. Statement:
    (a) All politicians are intelligent
    (b) Some women are politicians
    Conclusions:
    I. Some women are intelligent
    II. All those intelligent are women.









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    Some women are politicians. ↔ All politicians are intelligents.

    Correct Option: A

    Some women are politicians. ↔ All politicians are intelligents.
    We know that,
    I + A ⇒I–type Conclusion Thus, our derived Conclusion would be: “Some women are intelligent”.