The Indian Statutory Commission was a group of seven British Members of Parliament that had been dispatched to India in 1927 to study constitutional reform in Britain’s most important colonial dependency. It was commonly referred to as the Simon Commission after its chairman, Sir John Simon. The Simon commission was boycotted by Indians because they felt insulted and hurt that a committee appointed to decide the future of India did not include even a single Indian.

Correct Option: A

The Indian Statutory Commission was a group of seven British Members of Parliament that had been dispatched to India in 1927 to study constitutional reform in Britain’s most important colonial dependency. It was commonly referred to as the Simon Commission after its chairman, Sir John Simon. The Simon commission was boycotted by Indians because they felt insulted and hurt that a committee appointed to decide the future of India did not include even a single Indian.

Annie Besant was a prominent British socialist, Theosophist, women’s rights activist, writer and orator and supporter of Irish and Indian self rule. When World War I broke out in 1914 she helped launch the Home Rule League to campaign for democracy in India and dominion status within the Empire as a result of which she became the first woman President of the Indian National Congress at its Calcutta session in 1917.

Correct Option: A

Annie Besant was a prominent British socialist, Theosophist, women’s rights activist, writer and orator and supporter of Irish and Indian self rule. When World War I broke out in 1914 she helped launch the Home Rule League to campaign for democracy in India and dominion status within the Empire as a result of which she became the first woman President of the Indian National Congress at its Calcutta session in 1917.

Lord Cornwallis concluded the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793. Permanent Settlement was a grand contract between the East India Company and the Landholders of Bengal (Zamindars and independent Talukdars of all designations). Under this act, the landholders and Zamindars were admitted as the absolute owners of landed property to the colonial state system. Not only them, the Zamindars and landholders were allowed to hold their proprietary right at a rate that never changed. Under this contract of Permanent Settlement, the Government could not enhance the revenue demands on Zamindars.

Correct Option: D

Lord Cornwallis concluded the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793. Permanent Settlement was a grand contract between the East India Company and the Landholders of Bengal (Zamindars and independent Talukdars of all designations). Under this act, the landholders and Zamindars were admitted as the absolute owners of landed property to the colonial state system. Not only them, the Zamindars and landholders were allowed to hold their proprietary right at a rate that never changed. Under this contract of Permanent Settlement, the Government could not enhance the revenue demands on Zamindars.

Ranjit Singh, chief of the Sukerchakia misl, who first occupied Lahore (1799), the traditional capital of the Punjab, declaring himself Maharaja in 1801, extended his hegemony to Amritsar in 1805 when he took over the town from his traditional rivals, the Bhangi chiefs. Already in 1809 he had constructed the Gobindgarh Fort outside Lahauri Gate complete with a formidable moat, three lines of defence and several bastions and emplacements for heavy guns. Amritsar thus had already become his second capital. Ranjit Singh devoutly provided liberal funds to have the dome and exterior of the holy Harimandar goldplated and to have the interior ornamented with fine filigree and enamel work and with decorative murals and panels in marble inlaid with coloured stone.

Correct Option: A

Ranjit Singh, chief of the Sukerchakia misl, who first occupied Lahore (1799), the traditional capital of the Punjab, declaring himself Maharaja in 1801, extended his hegemony to Amritsar in 1805 when he took over the town from his traditional rivals, the Bhangi chiefs. Already in 1809 he had constructed the Gobindgarh Fort outside Lahauri Gate complete with a formidable moat, three lines of defence and several bastions and emplacements for heavy guns. Amritsar thus had already become his second capital. Ranjit Singh devoutly provided liberal funds to have the dome and exterior of the holy Harimandar goldplated and to have the interior ornamented with fine filigree and enamel work and with decorative murals and panels in marble inlaid with coloured stone.

Satyameva Jayate (Truth Alone Triumphs) is a mantra from the ancient Indian scripture Mundaka Upanishad which is one of the earlier, “primary” (mukhya) Upanishads, a genre of Hindu scriptures commented upon by Shankara. It is associated with the Atharva Veda. Upon independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India. The origin of the motto is a well-known mantra 3.1.6 from the Mundaka Upanishad.

Correct Option: B

Satyameva Jayate (Truth Alone Triumphs) is a mantra from the ancient Indian scripture Mundaka Upanishad which is one of the earlier, “primary” (mukhya) Upanishads, a genre of Hindu scriptures commented upon by Shankara. It is associated with the Atharva Veda. Upon independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India. The origin of the motto is a well-known mantra 3.1.6 from the Mundaka Upanishad.