The Arya Samaj (Noble Society) was founded in Bombay by Swami Dayanand Saraswati on 7 April 1875. Arya Samaj is a Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the infallibility of the Vedas. Denouncing the idolatry and ritualistic worship prevalent in Hinduism at the time, the movement worked towards reviving Vedic ideologies.

Correct Option: B

The Arya Samaj (Noble Society) was founded in Bombay by Swami Dayanand Saraswati on 7 April 1875. Arya Samaj is a Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the infallibility of the Vedas. Denouncing the idolatry and ritualistic worship prevalent in Hinduism at the time, the movement worked towards reviving Vedic ideologies.

To Gandhi, satyagraha meant attachment to truth, and, therefore, truth-force or love-force. It was a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. It was critical to Gandhi’s understanding of and faith in non-violence and went far beyond mere “passive resistance”.

Correct Option: B

To Gandhi, satyagraha meant attachment to truth, and, therefore, truth-force or love-force. It was a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. It was critical to Gandhi’s understanding of and faith in non-violence and went far beyond mere “passive resistance”.

The Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929, passed on 28 September, 1929, is popularly known as the Sharda Act, after its sponsor Harbilas Sarda. It fixed the age of marriage for girls at 14 years and boys at 18 years which was later amended to 18 for girls and 21 for boys.

Correct Option: C

The Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929, passed on 28 September, 1929, is popularly known as the Sharda Act, after its sponsor Harbilas Sarda. It fixed the age of marriage for girls at 14 years and boys at 18 years which was later amended to 18 for girls and 21 for boys.

The doctrine of lapse was an annexation policy purportedly devised by Lord Dalhousie, who was the Governor General for the East India Company in India between 1848 and 1856. This doctrine was based on the idea that in case a ruler of dependent state died childless, the right of ruling over the State reverted or ‘lapsed’ to the sovereign.

Correct Option: D

The doctrine of lapse was an annexation policy purportedly devised by Lord Dalhousie, who was the Governor General for the East India Company in India between 1848 and 1856. This doctrine was based on the idea that in case a ruler of dependent state died childless, the right of ruling over the State reverted or ‘lapsed’ to the sovereign.

The use of greased cartridges in the new Enfield Rifle is considered by historians as the immediate cause of the 1857 Revolt. It was believed that the cartridges that were standard issue with this rifle were greased with lard (pork fat) which was regarded as unclean by Muslims and tallow (cow fat) which angered the Hindus as cows were equal to a goddess to them. This insulted both Hindu and Muslim religious practices.

Correct Option: B

The use of greased cartridges in the new Enfield Rifle is considered by historians as the immediate cause of the 1857 Revolt. It was believed that the cartridges that were standard issue with this rifle were greased with lard (pork fat) which was regarded as unclean by Muslims and tallow (cow fat) which angered the Hindus as cows were equal to a goddess to them. This insulted both Hindu and Muslim religious practices.