The Young Bengal movement was a group of radical Bengali free thinkers emerging from Hindu College, Calcutta in the year 1905. They were also known as Derozians, after their firebrand teacher at Hindu College, Henry Louis Vivian Derozio. The Young Bengals were inspired and excited by the spirit of free thought and revolt against the existing social and religious structure of Hindu society.

Correct Option: C

The Young Bengal movement was a group of radical Bengali free thinkers emerging from Hindu College, Calcutta in the year 1905. They were also known as Derozians, after their firebrand teacher at Hindu College, Henry Louis Vivian Derozio. The Young Bengals were inspired and excited by the spirit of free thought and revolt against the existing social and religious structure of Hindu society.

Near the end of the 15th century, Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama became the first European to reestablish direct trade links with India since Roman times by being the first to arrive by circumnavigating Africa (1497-1499). His subsequent visits laid the foundation of Portuguese rule in India. Trading rivalries brought other European powers to India. The Netherlands, England, France, and Denmark established trading posts in India in the early 17th century.

Correct Option: D

Near the end of the 15th century, Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama became the first European to reestablish direct trade links with India since Roman times by being the first to arrive by circumnavigating Africa (1497-1499). His subsequent visits laid the foundation of Portuguese rule in India. Trading rivalries brought other European powers to India. The Netherlands, England, France, and Denmark established trading posts in India in the early 17th century.

By the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793, the Zamindars class became more powerful than they were in the Mughal period. Earlier zamindars in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa had been functionaries who held the right to collect revenue on behalf of the Mughal emperor and his representative or diwan in Bengal. The security of tenure of landlords was guaranteed; in short, the former landholders and revenue intermediaries were granted proprietarial rights (effective ownership) to the land they held. In addition, the land tax was fixed in perpetuity, so as to minimize the tendency by British administrators to amass a small fortune in sluiced-away revenue.

Correct Option: C

By the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793, the Zamindars class became more powerful than they were in the Mughal period. Earlier zamindars in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa had been functionaries who held the right to collect revenue on behalf of the Mughal emperor and his representative or diwan in Bengal. The security of tenure of landlords was guaranteed; in short, the former landholders and revenue intermediaries were granted proprietarial rights (effective ownership) to the land they held. In addition, the land tax was fixed in perpetuity, so as to minimize the tendency by British administrators to amass a small fortune in sluiced-away revenue.

Arya Samaj unequivocally condemned practices such as polytheism, iconolatry, animal sacrifice, ancestor worship, pilgrimage, priestcraft, the belief in Avatars or incarnations of God, the hereditary caste system, untouchability and child marriage on the grounds that all these lack Vedic sanction. It believed in the infallible authority of the Vedas, but outrightly rejected rituals, idol worship and all the pretensions in the name of religion.

Correct Option: B

Arya Samaj unequivocally condemned practices such as polytheism, iconolatry, animal sacrifice, ancestor worship, pilgrimage, priestcraft, the belief in Avatars or incarnations of God, the hereditary caste system, untouchability and child marriage on the grounds that all these lack Vedic sanction. It believed in the infallible authority of the Vedas, but outrightly rejected rituals, idol worship and all the pretensions in the name of religion.

Louis Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India (1947) and the first Governor-General of the independent Union of India (1947–48), from which the modern Republic of India emerged in 1950. When India and Pakistan attained independence at midnight on the night of 14-15 August 1947, Mountbatten remained in New Delhi for ten months, serving as India's first governor general until June 1948.

Correct Option: B

Louis Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India (1947) and the first Governor-General of the independent Union of India (1947–48), from which the modern Republic of India emerged in 1950. When India and Pakistan attained independence at midnight on the night of 14-15 August 1947, Mountbatten remained in New Delhi for ten months, serving as India's first governor general until June 1948.