Probability


  1. Two dice and two coins are tossed. The probability that both the coins show head and the sum of the numbers found on the two dice is a prime number is ?









  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    The probability that head is show in one coin is 1/2.

    The probability that the sum of the number on the dice is a prime = the probability that the following pair of number on the dice is a getting on the dice, namely (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 4 ), (4, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2), (1, 6), (6, 1), (2, 5), (5, 2), (3, 4), (4, 3), (6, 5), (5, 6) = 15/36.

    Correct Option: D

    The probability that head is show in one coin is 1/2.

    The probability that the sum of the number on the dice is a prime = the probability that the following pair of number on the dice is a getting on the dice, namely (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 4 ), (4, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2), (1, 6), (6, 1), (2, 5), (5, 2), (3, 4), (4, 3), (6, 5), (5, 6) = 15/36.

    ∴ The required probability = 1/2 x 1/2 x 15/36 = 5/48.


  1. The probability that a leap year selected at random contains 53 Sundays, is









  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    In a leap year, there are 366 days. It means 52 full weeks + 2 odd days. These two days can be (Mon, Tues), (Tues, Wed), (Wed, Thurs), (Thurs, Fri), (Fri, Sat), (Sat, Sun) or (Sun, Mon)

    Correct Option: D

    In a leap year, there are 366 days. It means 52 full weeks + 2 odd days. These two days can be (Mon, Tues), (Tues, Wed), (Wed, Thurs), (Thurs, Fri), (Fri, Sat), (Sat, Sun) or (Sun, Mon),
    So, Required probability = 2/7



  1. A speaks truth in 60% of the cases and B in 80% of the cases. In what percentage of cases are they likely to contradict each other, narrating the same incident ?









  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    Let A = Event that A speaks the truth
    and B = Event that B speaks the truth
    Then, P(A) = 60/100 = 3/5 and P(A) = 80/100 = 4/5
    ∴ P(A) = (1 - 3/5) = 2/5 and
    P(B) = (1 - 4/5) = 1/5

    P(A and B contradict each other)
    = P [(A speaks the truth and B tells a lie) or (A tells a lie and B speak the truth)]

    Correct Option: D

    Let A = Event that A speaks the truth
    and B = Event that B speaks the truth
    Then, P(A) = 60/100 = 3/5 and P(A) = 80/100 = 4/5
    ∴ P(A) = (1 - 3/5) = 2/5 and
    P(B) = (1 - 4/5) = 1/5

    P(A and B contradict each other)
    = P [(A speaks the truth and B tells a lie) or (A tells a lie and B speak the truth)]
    =P[(A and B) or (A and B)]
    =P(A and B) + P (A and B)
    = P(A) x P(B) + P(A) x P(B)
    = (3/5 x 1/5) + ( 2/5 x 4/5)
    = (3/25 + 8/25 ) = 11/25
    = (11/25 x 100)% = 44%


  1. From 4 children, 2 women and 4 men, 4 person are selected. The probability that there are exactly 2 children among the selected persons, is











  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    Total number of cases = 10c4
    Favorable number of cases = 4c2. 6c2
    {Since, we are to select 2 children out of 4 and remaining 2 persons are to be selected from remaining 6 persons ( 2W + 4M)}
    ∴ required Probability = 4c2 . 6c2 / 10c4
    = [{(4 x 3) / (2 x 1)} x {(6 x 5) / (2 x 1)}] / [ (10 x 9 x 8 x 7) / (4 x 3 x 2 x 1)]

    Correct Option: B

    Total number of cases = 10c4
    Favorable number of cases = 4c2. 6c2
    {Since, we are to select 2 children out of 4 and remaining 2 persons are to be selected from remaining 6 persons ( 2W + 4M)}
    ∴ required Probability = 4c2 . 6c2 / 10c4
    = [{(4 x 3) / (2 x 1)} x {(6 x 5) / (2 x 1)}] / [ (10 x 9 x 8 x 7) / (4 x 3 x 2 x 1)]
    = [(12/2) x (30/2)] / 210
    = 90 / 210
    = 9 /12



  1. If n integer taken at random are multiplied together then the probability that the last digit of the product is 2, 4, 6, 8 is ?









  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    If the last digit in the product is to 2, 4, 6, 8 the last digit in all the n number should not be 0 and 5 and the last digit of all number should not be selected exclusively from the set of number {1, 3, 7, 9}
    ∴ Favourable number of cases
    = 8n - 4n
    But generally the last digit can be one of 0, 1, 2, 3, .... 9.
    Hence, the total number of ways = 10n
    Hence, the required probability
    = 8n - 4n / 10n
    = 4n - 2n / 5n

    Correct Option: B

    If the last digit in the product is to 2, 4, 6, 8 the last digit in all the n number should not be 0 and 5 and the last digit of all number should not be selected exclusively from the set of number {1, 3, 7, 9}
    ∴ Favourable number of cases
    = 8n - 4n
    But generally the last digit can be one of 0, 1, 2, 3, .... 9.
    Hence, the total number of ways = 10n
    Hence, the required probability
    = 8n - 4n / 10n
    = 4n - 2n / 5n