Introduction: There are four main directions - East, West, North and South. As per the convention we generally take upward direction of a paper as north direction and remaining directions as shown below:

Other than 4 main direction there are four cardinal directions - North-East (N-E the direction exactly between North and East), North-West (N-W the direction exactly between North and West), South-East (S-E the direction exactly between South and East), and South-West (S-W the direction exactly between South and West) as shown below:

The main formula for Direction questions is Pythagoras Theorem.

Example: Rajesh while doing morning walk, goes 5 km in the East, then he turns to his left and goes 4 km. Finally he turns to his left and goes 5 km. Now how far is he from his house and in what direction?
Solution:- The picture below represents each action.

I is: moving 5 km east
II is: after traveling in east direction turning left means in north direction (4 km)
III is: after traveling in north direction turning left means in west direction (5 km)

Example- Study the following information and answer the questions given:
Sam walked 5 m towards north from point A and reached point B. He took a right turn from point B and walked 7 m and reached point C. He took a right turn from point and walked 10 m to reach point D. He took another right turn from point D and walked 6 m to reach point E. Sam took a right turn from point E and walked 5 m to reach point F.

1.How far and in which direction is point F from point A?
(a) 1 m towards east
(b) 1 m towards south
(c) 1 m towards north
(d) 1 m towards west
(e) Point A coincides with point F
2. What was the total distance that Sam walked?
(a) 35 m
(b) 38 m
(c) 32 m
(d) 31 m
(e) None of these
Solution:
1. (a) 1 m towards east,
2. (e) 5 + 7 + 10 + 6 + 5 = 33 m