Molecular Basis of Inheritance


  1. Which one of the following triplet codes, is correctly matched with its specificity for an amino acid in protein synthesis or as ‘start’ or ‘stop’codon?









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    AUG is initiating codon. UCG codes for serine, UUU codes for phenylalan, UGU codes for cysteine.

    Correct Option: A

    AUG is initiating codon. UCG codes for serine, UUU codes for phenylalan, UGU codes for cysteine.


  1. What would happen if in a gene encoding a polypeptide of 50 amino acids, 25th codon (UAU) is mutated to UAA?









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    UAA is the stop codon. Therefore at 25th amino acid the synthesis of polypeptide stops. So, a polypeptide of 24 Amino acid is formed.

    Correct Option: B

    UAA is the stop codon. Therefore at 25th amino acid the synthesis of polypeptide stops. So, a polypeptide of 24 Amino acid is formed.



  1. In the genetic code dictionary, how many codons are used to code for all the 20 essential amino acids?









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    Out of a total of 64 codons, 3 codons do not make any sense. Hence only 61 codons are used in the formation of the 20 essential amino acids (polypeptides).

    Correct Option: D

    Out of a total of 64 codons, 3 codons do not make any sense. Hence only 61 codons are used in the formation of the 20 essential amino acids (polypeptides).


  1. Degeneration of a genetic code is attributed to the









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    According to the Wobble hypothesis, tRNA anticodon has the ability to wobble at its 5′end by pairing with even noncomplementary base of mRNA codon. It correspond to third base degeneracy of the codons.

    Correct Option: A

    According to the Wobble hypothesis, tRNA anticodon has the ability to wobble at its 5′end by pairing with even noncomplementary base of mRNA codon. It correspond to third base degeneracy of the codons.



  1. Types of RNA polymerase required in nucleus for RNA synthesis?









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    Eukaryotes have three types of RNA polymerases:
    (i) RNA polymerase I - It is found in nucleus and is responsible for r-RNA synthesis.
    (ii) RNA polymerase II - It is found in nucleoplasm and is responsible for m-RNA synthesis.
    (iii) RNA polymerase III-It is found in nucleoplasm and is responsbile for t-RNA and 5-S RNA synthesis.

    Correct Option: C

    Eukaryotes have three types of RNA polymerases:
    (i) RNA polymerase I - It is found in nucleus and is responsible for r-RNA synthesis.
    (ii) RNA polymerase II - It is found in nucleoplasm and is responsible for m-RNA synthesis.
    (iii) RNA polymerase III-It is found in nucleoplasm and is responsbile for t-RNA and 5-S RNA synthesis.