Genetic code is the relationship of amino acid sequence in a polypeptide and nucleotide/base sequence in mRNA/ antisense strand of DNA. It is universal, i.e., a codon specifies the same amino acid in all organisms, non-overlapping, i.e., adjacent codons are independent with no base being member of two codons, degeneracy, i.e., some amino acids are coded by more than one codon, hence the code is degenerate, unambiguous, i.e., one codon codes for only one amino acid.

Correct Option: C

Genetic code is the relationship of amino acid sequence in a polypeptide and nucleotide/base sequence in mRNA/ antisense strand of DNA. It is universal, i.e., a codon specifies the same amino acid in all organisms, non-overlapping, i.e., adjacent codons are independent with no base being member of two codons, degeneracy, i.e., some amino acids are coded by more than one codon, hence the code is degenerate, unambiguous, i.e., one codon codes for only one amino acid.

Process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. At a time only one DNA strand is being transcribed into RNA. The strand of DNA with polarity 3’ → 5’ act as template strand and the DNA strand with polarity 5’ → 3’ act as coding strand.

Correct Option: A

Process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA is called transcription. At a time only one DNA strand is being transcribed into RNA. The strand of DNA with polarity 3’ → 5’ act as template strand and the DNA strand with polarity 5’ → 3’ act as coding strand.

In translocation, the movement of a gene takes place from one linkage group to another between non-homologous chromosomes.

Correct Option: B

In translocation, the movement of a gene takes place from one linkage group to another between non-homologous chromosomes.

The start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript translated by a ribosome. The start codon always codes for methionine in eukaryotes and a modified Met (fMet) in prokaryotes. The most common start codon is AUG.

Correct Option: A

The start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript translated by a ribosome. The start codon always codes for methionine in eukaryotes and a modified Met (fMet) in prokaryotes. The most common start codon is AUG.

Two DNA polymerase molecules simultaneously work at the DNA fork, one on the leading strand and the other on the lagging strand. DNA polymerase synthesizes each Okazaki fragment at lagging strand in 5′-3′ direction. As the replication fork opens further, new Pkazaki fragments appear. The first Okazaki fragment appears away from the replication fork and thus the direction of elongation would be away from replication fork.

Correct Option: C

Two DNA polymerase molecules simultaneously work at the DNA fork, one on the leading strand and the other on the lagging strand. DNA polymerase synthesizes each Okazaki fragment at lagging strand in 5′-3′ direction. As the replication fork opens further, new Pkazaki fragments appear. The first Okazaki fragment appears away from the replication fork and thus the direction of elongation would be away from replication fork.