Immunology Miscellaneous


  1. Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion[ a] and Reason [r]
    Assertion: An antigen recognized by one immunoglobulin subtype is not recognized by any other subtype.
    Reason: Immunoglobulin subtypes differ from each other body in the variable and in the constant regions.









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    The immunoglobulins can be divided into five different classes, based on differences in the amino acid sequences in the constant region of the heavy chains. The valency of Immunog-lobulin refers to the number of antigenic determinants that an individual immunoglobulin molecule can bind. The valency of all immuno-globulins is at least two and in some instances more than that.

    Correct Option: C

    The immunoglobulins can be divided into five different classes, based on differences in the amino acid sequences in the constant region of the heavy chains. The valency of Immunog-lobulin refers to the number of antigenic determinants that an individual immunoglobulin molecule can bind. The valency of all immuno-globulins is at least two and in some instances more than that.


  1. Which of these mice fail to develop a thymus ?









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    A nude mouse is a laboratory mouse from a strain with a genetic mutation that causes a deteriorated or absent thymus, resulting in an inhibited immune system due to a greatly reduced number of T cells. The phenotype, or main outward appearance of the mouse is a lack of body hair, which gives it the “nude” nickname. The nude mouse is valuable to research because it can receive many different types of tissue and tumor grafts, as it mounts no rejection response.

    Correct Option: D

    A nude mouse is a laboratory mouse from a strain with a genetic mutation that causes a deteriorated or absent thymus, resulting in an inhibited immune system due to a greatly reduced number of T cells. The phenotype, or main outward appearance of the mouse is a lack of body hair, which gives it the “nude” nickname. The nude mouse is valuable to research because it can receive many different types of tissue and tumor grafts, as it mounts no rejection response.



  1. Oils rich in PUFA are NOT desirable for bio-diesel production because









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    PUFAs are long-chain fatty acids containing two or more double bonds.
    They provide structural & functional characteristics, and are involved in a wide range of biological components including membranes (in phospholipids). Equally important PUFAs serve as precursors for conversion into metabolites that regulate critical biological functions.Biodiesel is a non-petroleum and environmentally-friendly alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel and not fatty acid.PUFA is fatty acid it is not used as it forms epoxide in presence of oxygen.

    Correct Option: A

    PUFAs are long-chain fatty acids containing two or more double bonds.
    They provide structural & functional characteristics, and are involved in a wide range of biological components including membranes (in phospholipids). Equally important PUFAs serve as precursors for conversion into metabolites that regulate critical biological functions.Biodiesel is a non-petroleum and environmentally-friendly alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel and not fatty acid.PUFA is fatty acid it is not used as it forms epoxide in presence of oxygen.


  1. Presence of CX2–4 CXφX8HX3H sequence in a protein suggest that it is









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    A zinc finger protein is a DNA-binding protein domain consisting of zinc fingers ranging from two in the Drosophila regulator ADR1, the more common three in mammalian Sp1 up to nine in TF111A. They occur in nature as the part of transcription factors conferring DNA sequence specificity as the DNA-binding domain.

    Correct Option: C

    A zinc finger protein is a DNA-binding protein domain consisting of zinc fingers ranging from two in the Drosophila regulator ADR1, the more common three in mammalian Sp1 up to nine in TF111A. They occur in nature as the part of transcription factors conferring DNA sequence specificity as the DNA-binding domain.



  1. Detection of which hormone is the commonly used test for pregnancy in humans?









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    A pregnancy test attempts to determine whether a woman is pregnant. Markers that indicate pregnancy are found in urine and blood, and pregnancy tests require sampling one of these substances. The first of these markers to be discovered, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), was discovered in 1930 to be produced by the trophoblast cells of the fertilised ovum (blastocyst). While hCG is a reliable marker of pregnancy, it cannot be detected until after implantation this results in false negatives if the test is performed during the very early stages of pregnancy.

    Correct Option: C

    A pregnancy test attempts to determine whether a woman is pregnant. Markers that indicate pregnancy are found in urine and blood, and pregnancy tests require sampling one of these substances. The first of these markers to be discovered, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), was discovered in 1930 to be produced by the trophoblast cells of the fertilised ovum (blastocyst). While hCG is a reliable marker of pregnancy, it cannot be detected until after implantation this results in false negatives if the test is performed during the very early stages of pregnancy.