Bridge is the device which work at data link layer whereas router works at network layer. Both selectively forward packets, build routing table & connect between LAN & WAN but since bridge works at data link it uses MAC addresses to route whereas router uses IP addresses. Application Layer Protocols

Correct Option: B

Bridge is the device which work at data link layer whereas router works at network layer. Both selectively forward packets, build routing table & connect between LAN & WAN but since bridge works at data link it uses MAC addresses to route whereas router uses IP addresses. Application Layer Protocols

The 3 way handshake is shown as below

Host A sends a TCP SYNchronize packet to Host B Host B receives A’s SYN Host B sends a SYNchronize-ACKnowledgement Host A receives B’s SYN-ACK Host A sends ACKnowledge Host B receives ACK. TCP connecting is (Established). SYNchronize and ACKnowledge messagess are indicated by a bit inside the TCP head of the segment. The handshake (TCP Handshaking) between sender and receiver is established by connect so that SYN packets could be sent.
TCP knows whether the network connection is opening, synchronizing or established by using the SYNchronize and ACKnowledge messages when establishing a network connection. When the communication between two computer ends, another 3-way communication is performed to tear down the TCP connection. This setup and teardown of a TCP connection is part of what qualifies TCP a reliable protocol.

Correct Option: D

The 3 way handshake is shown as below

Host A sends a TCP SYNchronize packet to Host B Host B receives A’s SYN Host B sends a SYNchronize-ACKnowledgement Host A receives B’s SYN-ACK Host A sends ACKnowledge Host B receives ACK. TCP connecting is (Established). SYNchronize and ACKnowledge messagess are indicated by a bit inside the TCP head of the segment. The handshake (TCP Handshaking) between sender and receiver is established by connect so that SYN packets could be sent.
TCP knows whether the network connection is opening, synchronizing or established by using the SYNchronize and ACKnowledge messages when establishing a network connection. When the communication between two computer ends, another 3-way communication is performed to tear down the TCP connection. This setup and teardown of a TCP connection is part of what qualifies TCP a reliable protocol.

∴ Each packet has to visit the network layer 4 times and the data link layer 6 times during a transmission from S to D. The answer is (c) NL-4 times and DLL-6 times

Correct Option: C

∴ Each packet has to visit the network layer 4 times and the data link layer 6 times during a transmission from S to D. The answer is (c) NL-4 times and DLL-6 times

SMTP (Simple mail transfer Protocol) is application layer based. BGP is network layer based. TCP (Transport Control Protocol) is transport layer based. PPP (Point to Point protocol) is data link layer based protocol. Hence (b) is correct option.

Correct Option: B

SMTP (Simple mail transfer Protocol) is application layer based. BGP is network layer based. TCP (Transport Control Protocol) is transport layer based. PPP (Point to Point protocol) is data link layer based protocol. Hence (b) is correct option.

Transport layer functions as a communication layer for any kind of end to end communication, creation of sockets. Network layer routes the data from one node to other, till it reach to destination. Datalink layer ensures reliable data transfer by error correction, duplication check ordered delivery etc.

Correct Option: A

Transport layer functions as a communication layer for any kind of end to end communication, creation of sockets. Network layer routes the data from one node to other, till it reach to destination. Datalink layer ensures reliable data transfer by error correction, duplication check ordered delivery etc.