Biochemical Miscellaneous
Direction: In a Fed-batch culture glucose solution is added with a flow rate of 2 m3/day. The initial volume of the culture is 6m3.
- The volume of culture at the end of second day (neglect loss due to vaporization) is
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Final volume = initial volume + Flow rate × Number of day
= 6m3 + 2m3 day–1 (2day) = 10m3Correct Option: C
Final volume = initial volume + Flow rate × Number of day
= 6m3 + 2m3 day–1 (2day) = 10m3
- What would be the dilution rate of the system at the end of second day?
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Dilution rate at end of 2nd day = Flow rate Total volume at end of 2nd day = 2 m3 = 0.2 10 m3 Correct Option: B
Dilution rate at end of 2nd day = Flow rate Total volume at end of 2nd day = 2 m3 = 0.2 10 m3
Direction: Absence of cellulosic cell wall, high β-carotene content and GRAS status make Dunaliella salina a good model system for producing edible vaccines. 109 Cells of D. salina were electroporated with a high expression DNA vector containing an antigenic gene.
- If 103 cells survived after electroporation, how many cells were killed during this process (round of to the nearest number) ?
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Number of cell died = Total cell – Number of cell survived
= 109 – 103
= 9.9 × 108 = 109 Correct Option: A
Number of cell died = Total cell – Number of cell survived
= 109 – 103
= 9.9 × 108 = 109
- The antigen is expressed as transmemb-rane protein with a single epitope on its extracellular domain. The cells that survived (assume 100% transfection and expression of protein) were incubated with a radio labeled Fab fragment (specific activity: 100 cpm/picomole) against this epitope. After washing, the cell pellet has1000 cpm. The average number of epitopes present on a single recombinant alga are
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103 cpm in pellet is due to Fab binding to epitope present on recombinant living cells/algae
Total Fab or epitope = Radioactivity in pillet Specific activity = 103 cpm 102 cpm (picomole)-1 = 103 × 1012 = 10 × 10-12 mole 102
= 10 picomole
These 10 picomole epitopes are present on 103 cells (assuming) 100% transfection and expression of protein). Average number of epitopes on single recombinant alga = 10 × 1012 = 10-14 mole 103
= 6.023 × 1023 × 10–14
= 6 × 109 Correct Option: A
103 cpm in pellet is due to Fab binding to epitope present on recombinant living cells/algae
Total Fab or epitope = Radioactivity in pillet Specific activity = 103 cpm 102 cpm (picomole)-1 = 103 × 1012 = 10 × 10-12 mole 102
= 10 picomole
These 10 picomole epitopes are present on 103 cells (assuming) 100% transfection and expression of protein). Average number of epitopes on single recombinant alga = 10 × 1012 = 10-14 mole 103
= 6.023 × 1023 × 10–14
= 6 × 109
- During cultivation of microorganisms in a fermenter, various parameters are controlled by appropriate sensor (probe). Match each probe in group 1 with the appropriate response mechanism in group 2.
Group 1 (Probe) Group 2 (Response) P. Thermistor 1. Activation of acid alkali pump Q. Oxygen electrode 2. Activation of vegetable oil pump R. Metal rod 3. Activation of hot cold water pump S. pH electrode 4. Increase/decrease in stirrer motor speed
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Thermistors monitor temperature and as per requirements very precisely activate hot/cold water pump to heat or cool down the system. The oxygen electrode directly measures the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the liquid phase and so as to regulate the oxygen level it increases the stirrer motor speed for more aeration whereas decreases speed if oxygen concentration has to be decreased. Metal rod is used to switch on/off the vegetable oil pump as vegetable oil has defoming action but its higher concentration can as well has negative effects. Thus metal rod maintains appropriate oil concentration in the fermentor. pH electrode measures the pH of the system liquid and thus varies acid/alkali pump to increase and decrease pH respectively.
Correct Option: D
Thermistors monitor temperature and as per requirements very precisely activate hot/cold water pump to heat or cool down the system. The oxygen electrode directly measures the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the liquid phase and so as to regulate the oxygen level it increases the stirrer motor speed for more aeration whereas decreases speed if oxygen concentration has to be decreased. Metal rod is used to switch on/off the vegetable oil pump as vegetable oil has defoming action but its higher concentration can as well has negative effects. Thus metal rod maintains appropriate oil concentration in the fermentor. pH electrode measures the pH of the system liquid and thus varies acid/alkali pump to increase and decrease pH respectively.
