Logical Problems Easy Questions and Answers

Direction: The logic problems in this set present you with three true statements : Fact 1, Fact 2, and Fact 3. Then, you are given three more statements (labeled I, II, and III), and you must determine which of these, if any, is also a fact. One or two of the statements could be true; all of the statements could be true; or none of the statements could be true. Choose your answer based solely on the information given in the first three facts.

Fact 1 : All chickens are birds.
Fact 2 : Some chickens are hens.
Fact 3 : Female birds lay eggs.
If the first three statements are facts, which of the following statements must also be a fact?
I. All birds lay eggs.
II. Hens are birds.
III. Some chickens are not hens.

The first statement cannot be true because only female birds lay eggs. Statement II is true because hens are chickens and chickens are birds.

Correct Option: B

The first statement cannot be true because only female birds lay eggs. Statement II is true because hens are chickens and chickens are birds. Statement III is also true because if only some chickens are hens, then some must not be hens.

Fact 1 : All hats have brims.
Fact 2 : There are black hats and blue hats.
Fact 3 : Baseball caps are hats.
If the first three statements are facts, which of the following statements must also be a fact?
I. All caps have brims.
II. Some baseball caps are blue.
III. Baseball caps have no brims.

Correct Option: D

All baseball caps have brims, since baseball caps are hats (Fact 3) and all hats have brims (Fact 1). This rules out statement III—but it doesn’t follow that all caps, a category that may include caps that are not baseball caps, have brims (statement I). Statement II cannot be confirmed, either, since it is possible, given the information, that all baseball caps are black.

Fact 1 : Jessica has four children.
Fact 2 : Two of the children have blue eyes and two of the children have brown eyes.
Fact 3 : Half of the children are girls.
If the first three statements are facts, which of the following statements must also be a fact?
I. At least one girl has blue eyes.
II. Two of the children are boys.
III. The boys have brown eyes.

Since one-half of the four children are girls, two must be boys.

Correct Option: A

Since one-half of the four children are girls, two must be boys. It is not clear which children have blue or brown eyes.

Direction: Each problem consists of three statements. Based on the first two statements, the third statement may be true, false, or uncertain.
Find solutions for the given question.

1. A toothpick is useful.
2. Useful things are valuable.
3. A toothpick is valuable.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

To the extent that a toothpick is useful, it has value.

Correct Option: A

To the extent that a toothpick is useful, it has value. So it is valuable.

I. At a parking lot, a sedan is parked to the right of a pickup and to the left of a sport utility vehicle.
II. A minivan is parked to the left of the pickup.
III. The minivan is parked between the pickup and the sedan.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

This is the order of the cars from left to right: minivan, pickup, sedan, sport utility vehicle.

Correct Option: B

This is the order of the cars from left to right: minivan, pickup, sedan, sport utility vehicle.