Ribonuclease P (RNase P) is the endoribonuclease that generates the mature 5′-ends of tRNA by removal of the 5′-leader elements of precursor-tRNAs. Although it carries out a biochemically simple reaction, RNase P is a complex ribonucleoprotein particle composed of a single large RNA and at least one protein component. RNase H (Ribonuclease H) is an endoribonuclease that specifically hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bonds of RNA which is hybridized to DNA. The snRNAs, along with their associated proteins, form ribonucleoprotein complexes (snRNPs), which bind to specific sequences on the pre-mRNA substrate. This intricate process results in two sequential transesterification reactions. These reactions will produce a free lariat intron and ligate two exons to form a mature mRNA. This results in the splicing. CstF is recruited by cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) and assembles into a protein complex on the 3’ end to promote the synthesis of a functional polyadenine tail, which results in a mature mRNA molecule ready to be exported from the cell nucleus to the cytosol for translation.

Correct Option: A

Ribonuclease P (RNase P) is the endoribonuclease that generates the mature 5′-ends of tRNA by removal of the 5′-leader elements of precursor-tRNAs. Although it carries out a biochemically simple reaction, RNase P is a complex ribonucleoprotein particle composed of a single large RNA and at least one protein component. RNase H (Ribonuclease H) is an endoribonuclease that specifically hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bonds of RNA which is hybridized to DNA. The snRNAs, along with their associated proteins, form ribonucleoprotein complexes (snRNPs), which bind to specific sequences on the pre-mRNA substrate. This intricate process results in two sequential transesterification reactions. These reactions will produce a free lariat intron and ligate two exons to form a mature mRNA. This results in the splicing. CstF is recruited by cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) and assembles into a protein complex on the 3’ end to promote the synthesis of a functional polyadenine tail, which results in a mature mRNA molecule ready to be exported from the cell nucleus to the cytosol for translation.

Given sequence: Phe-Trp-Met-Gly-Ala-Lys-Leu-Pro-Met-Asp-Gly-Arg-Cys-Ala-Gln
First it is digested with Trypsin and than with Cyanogen Bromide in a process of sequential cleavage. Cyanogen bromide hydrolyzes peptide bonds at the C-terminus of methionine residues. Trypsin cleaves peptide chains mainly at the carboxyl side of the amino acids lysine or arginine, except when either is followed by proline.
After trypsin digestion, fragments generated are:
Phe-Trp-Met-Gly-Ala-Lys; Cys-Ala-Gln; Leu-Pro-Met-Asp-Gly-Arg
After CNBr digestion, the fragments generated are:
Phe-Trp-Met; Gly-Ala-Lys; Cys-Ala-Gln; Leu-Pro-Met; Asp-Gly-Arg

Correct Option: C

Given sequence: Phe-Trp-Met-Gly-Ala-Lys-Leu-Pro-Met-Asp-Gly-Arg-Cys-Ala-Gln
First it is digested with Trypsin and than with Cyanogen Bromide in a process of sequential cleavage. Cyanogen bromide hydrolyzes peptide bonds at the C-terminus of methionine residues. Trypsin cleaves peptide chains mainly at the carboxyl side of the amino acids lysine or arginine, except when either is followed by proline.
After trypsin digestion, fragments generated are:
Phe-Trp-Met-Gly-Ala-Lys; Cys-Ala-Gln; Leu-Pro-Met-Asp-Gly-Arg
After CNBr digestion, the fragments generated are:
Phe-Trp-Met; Gly-Ala-Lys; Cys-Ala-Gln; Leu-Pro-Met; Asp-Gly-Arg

Non sense mutations causes premature stop to be introduced that would lead to truncated or incomplete protein synthesis. If the protein synthesis has to be continued, another mutation in t-RNA gene would continue be advised to get full length polypeptide

Correct Option: B

Non sense mutations causes premature stop to be introduced that would lead to truncated or incomplete protein synthesis. If the protein synthesis has to be continued, another mutation in t-RNA gene would continue be advised to get full length polypeptide

An inverted repeat (or IR) is a sequence of nucleotides followed downstream by its reverse complement. It is a sequence found in identical (but inverted) form, for example, at the opposite ends of a transposon.
Here, the DNA sequence which carries an inverted repeat is:
ATGAGCCCCGAGTA
TACTCGGGGCTCAT

Correct Option: B

An inverted repeat (or IR) is a sequence of nucleotides followed downstream by its reverse complement. It is a sequence found in identical (but inverted) form, for example, at the opposite ends of a transposon.
Here, the DNA sequence which carries an inverted repeat is:
ATGAGCCCCGAGTA
TACTCGGGGCTCAT

The direction of shell coiling in snail is a dassical example for extra
chromosomal inheritance, as in this it is determined by maternal gene effects and not that of the offspring.

Correct Option: B

The direction of shell coiling in snail is a dassical example for extra
chromosomal inheritance, as in this it is determined by maternal gene effects and not that of the offspring.