Linkage is the inheritance of genes of same chromosome together and capacity of these genes to retain their parental combination in subsequent generation. The strength of linkage between two genes is inversely proportional to the distance between the two. This means, two linked genes show higher frequency of recombination if the distance between them is higher and lower frequency if the distance is smaller.

Correct Option: D

Linkage is the inheritance of genes of same chromosome together and capacity of these genes to retain their parental combination in subsequent generation. The strength of linkage between two genes is inversely proportional to the distance between the two. This means, two linked genes show higher frequency of recombination if the distance between them is higher and lower frequency if the distance is smaller.

Test cross is the cross of an individual with an individual having recessive phenotype. It is used to determine the genotype of a plant showing the dominant phenotype, that means to determine whether the individual exhibiting dominating characters are homozygous or heterozygous.

Correct Option: A

Test cross is the cross of an individual with an individual having recessive phenotype. It is used to determine the genotype of a plant showing the dominant phenotype, that means to determine whether the individual exhibiting dominating characters are homozygous or heterozygous.

According to Mendel’s law of Dominance, out of two contrasting allelomorphic factors only one expresses itself in an individual. The factor that expresses itself is called dominant while the other which has not shown its effect in the heterozygous individual is termed as recessive. The option (c) in the given question cannot be explained on the basis of law of dominance. It can only be explained on the basis of Mendel’s Law of independent assortment, according to which in a dihybrid cross, the two alleles of each character assort independently of the alleles of other character and separate at the time of gamete formation.

Correct Option: C

According to Mendel’s law of Dominance, out of two contrasting allelomorphic factors only one expresses itself in an individual. The factor that expresses itself is called dominant while the other which has not shown its effect in the heterozygous individual is termed as recessive. The option (c) in the given question cannot be explained on the basis of law of dominance. It can only be explained on the basis of Mendel’s Law of independent assortment, according to which in a dihybrid cross, the two alleles of each character assort independently of the alleles of other character and separate at the time of gamete formation.

Two X chromosomes would lead to the birth of normal human female child.

Correct Option: A

Two X chromosomes would lead to the birth of normal human female child.

In test cross, genotype of an organism showing dominant phenotype is determined by crossing it with homozygous recessive genotype.

Correct Option: C

In test cross, genotype of an organism showing dominant phenotype is determined by crossing it with homozygous recessive genotype.