Principles of Inheritance and Variation Easy Questions and Answers | Page - 14

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Which one from those given below is the period for Mendel's hybridization experiments?

1. 1840 - 1850
1. 1857 - 1869
1. 1870 - 1877
1. 1856 - 1863

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According to NCERT, Mendel conducted hybridization experiments for 7 years on Pea plant between 1856 to 1863 and his data was published in 1865.

Correct Option: D

According to NCERT, Mendel conducted hybridization experiments for 7 years on Pea plant between 1856 to 1863 and his data was published in 1865.

In a testcross involving F₁ dihybrid flies, more parental-type offspring were produced than the recombinant-type offspring. This indicates

1. the two genes are located on two different chromosomes.
1. chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis.
1. the two genes are linked and present on the same chromosome.
1. both of the characters are controlled by more than one gene.

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When two genes in a dihybrid cross are situated on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene combinations are much higher than the non-parental or recombinant type. This is also called incomplete linkage.

Correct Option: C

When two genes in a dihybrid cross are situated on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene combinations are much higher than the non-parental or recombinant type. This is also called incomplete linkage.

Match the terms in Column-I with their description in Column-II and choose the correct option:

Column-I	Column-II
A.Dominance	1.Many genes govern a single character
B.Codominance	2. In a heterozygous organism only one allele expresses itself
C.Pleiotropy	3. In a heterozygous organism both alleles express themselves fully
D. Polygenic	4.A single gene inheritance influences many characters

1. (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
1. (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
1. (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
1. (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)

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NA

Correct Option: B

NA

A tall true breeding garden pea plant is crossed with a dwarf true breeding garden pea plant. When the F₁ plants were selfed the resulting genotypes were in the ratio of

1. 1: 2: 1:: Tall homozygous: Tall heterozygous: Dwarf
1. 1: 2: 1:: Tall heterozygous: Tall homozygous: Dwarf
1. 3: 1:: Tall: Dwarf
1. 3: 1:: Dwarf: Tall

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Correct Option: A

A cell at telophase stage is observed by a student in a plant brought from the field. He tells his teacher that this cell is not like other cells at telophase stage. There is no formation of cell plate and thus the cell is containing more number of chromosomes as compared to other dividing cells. This would result in

1. Aneuploidy
1. Polyploidy
1. Somaclonal variation
1. Polyteny

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This phenomenon is known as polyploidy, wherein the cells contain more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Polyploidy is often seen in the case of plants. The major cause of polyploidy is the non - disjunction of sister chromatids during meiotic recombination. This condition is actually useful in development of new crop varieties.

Correct Option: B

This phenomenon is known as polyploidy, wherein the cells contain more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Polyploidy is often seen in the case of plants. The major cause of polyploidy is the non - disjunction of sister chromatids during meiotic recombination. This condition is actually useful in development of new crop varieties.