Insolation is a measure of solar radiation energy received on a given surface area in a given time. It mainly depends on two factors: (a) the angle at which the Sun’s rays strike the Earth, and (b) the length of time of exposure to the rays. Both of these factors are controlled by the latitude of the location and time of the year (Physical Geography Strahler &Strahler).

Correct Option: C

Insolation is a measure of solar radiation energy received on a given surface area in a given time. It mainly depends on two factors: (a) the angle at which the Sun’s rays strike the Earth, and (b) the length of time of exposure to the rays. Both of these factors are controlled by the latitude of the location and time of the year (Physical Geography Strahler &Strahler).

Ionosphere is composed partly of electrons and positive ions. It is a region of Earth’s upper atmosphere, from about 60 km to 1,000 km altitude, that is ionized by solar radiation. This layer is also called thermosphere as its temperature rises with height.

Correct Option: B

Ionosphere is composed partly of electrons and positive ions. It is a region of Earth’s upper atmosphere, from about 60 km to 1,000 km altitude, that is ionized by solar radiation. This layer is also called thermosphere as its temperature rises with height.

Solar ultraviolet radiation undergoes absorption and scattering as it passes through the stratospheric layer of the earth’s atmosphere. The ozone layer, a region of Earth’s stratosphere, absorbs 97-99% of the Sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation. As a result, no UV radiation at wavelengths shorter than 290 nm reaches the surface of the earth.

Correct Option: B

Solar ultraviolet radiation undergoes absorption and scattering as it passes through the stratospheric layer of the earth’s atmosphere. The ozone layer, a region of Earth’s stratosphere, absorbs 97-99% of the Sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation. As a result, no UV radiation at wavelengths shorter than 290 nm reaches the surface of the earth.

Chinook: a warm, westerly wind of Canada and USA; Foehn: a warm, dry, gusty wind of the Alps; Sirocco: blows by the local name of Khamsin in Egypt; Loo: hot and dry summer afternoon wind that blows in Indo-Gangetic Plain region of North India during May-June.

Correct Option: B

Chinook: a warm, westerly wind of Canada and USA; Foehn: a warm, dry, gusty wind of the Alps; Sirocco: blows by the local name of Khamsin in Egypt; Loo: hot and dry summer afternoon wind that blows in Indo-Gangetic Plain region of North India during May-June.

The exosphere is the outermost layer of Earth’s atmosphere. It extends from the exobase, which is located at the top of the thermosphere at an altitude of about 700 km above sea level, to about 10,000 km where it merges into the solar wind. This layer is mainly composed of extremely low densities of hydrogen, helium and several heavier molecules.The exosphere is located too far above Earth for any meteorological phenomena to be possible.

Correct Option: D

The exosphere is the outermost layer of Earth’s atmosphere. It extends from the exobase, which is located at the top of the thermosphere at an altitude of about 700 km above sea level, to about 10,000 km where it merges into the solar wind. This layer is mainly composed of extremely low densities of hydrogen, helium and several heavier molecules.The exosphere is located too far above Earth for any meteorological phenomena to be possible.