Microbiology Miscellaneous
- Which of the following essential element(s) is/are required as major supplement to enhance the bioremediation of oil spills by the resident bacteria?
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Oil spills in seas and oceans can be remedied by the use of certain special kinds of bacteria which degrade polyhydrocarbons. Such bacteria are utilized in the process of bioremediation to prevent serious impacts on marine environment caused by spillage. Such bacteria require nitrogen and phosphorus as major supplement for enhancing the rate of degradation of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Correct Option: B
Oil spills in seas and oceans can be remedied by the use of certain special kinds of bacteria which degrade polyhydrocarbons. Such bacteria are utilized in the process of bioremediation to prevent serious impacts on marine environment caused by spillage. Such bacteria require nitrogen and phosphorus as major supplement for enhancing the rate of degradation of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- Gram-positive bacteria are generally resistant to complement-mediated lysis because
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Gram positive bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan as their cell wall which provides strength and support to the bacteria. Complement-mediated lysis and attack system is based on the formation of complement proteins which form membrane attack complex that insert into the plasma membrane of the cell and undergo cell lysis. But, due to the thick protection of gram positive bacteria by peptidoglycan on the outer cell membrane, complement proteins cannot enter the cell and cause lysis.
Correct Option: A
Gram positive bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan as their cell wall which provides strength and support to the bacteria. Complement-mediated lysis and attack system is based on the formation of complement proteins which form membrane attack complex that insert into the plasma membrane of the cell and undergo cell lysis. But, due to the thick protection of gram positive bacteria by peptidoglycan on the outer cell membrane, complement proteins cannot enter the cell and cause lysis.
- A bacterium belonging to cocci group has a diameter of 2 µm. The numerical value of the ratio of its surface area to volume (in µm–1) is ______
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Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) are a heterogeneous group of organisms defined by their morphological appearance which are spherical-shaped bacterium.
Given, diameter of the cocci = 2µm
Therefore, radius = 1µm
Hence, surface area : volume of the cocci = 4πr2 / (4 / 3πr3) = 3 / r = 3 µm Correct Option: D
Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) are a heterogeneous group of organisms defined by their morphological appearance which are spherical-shaped bacterium.
Given, diameter of the cocci = 2µm
Therefore, radius = 1µm
Hence, surface area : volume of the cocci = 4πr2 / (4 / 3πr3) = 3 / r = 3 µm
- Match the microorganisms in Group I with their fermentation products in Group II.
Group I Group II P. Leuconostoc mesenteroids 1.Cobalamin Q. Rhizopus oryzae 2. Sorbose R. Gluconobacter suboxydans 3. Dextran S. Streptomyces olivaceus 4. Lactic acid 5. Butanol
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Group I Group II P. Leuconostoc mesenteroids 3. Dextran Q. Rhizopus oryzae 4. Lactic acid R. Gluconobacter suboxydans 2. Sorbose S. Streptomyces olivaceus 1.Cobalamin
Correct Option: D
Group I Group II P. Leuconostoc mesenteroids 3. Dextran Q. Rhizopus oryzae 4. Lactic acid R. Gluconobacter suboxydans 2. Sorbose S. Streptomyces olivaceus 1.Cobalamin
- Phylum proteobacteria is subdivided into α-, β-, δ-and ε-proteobacteria based on
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The phylum Proteobacteria is the largest and most diverse group of bacteria. They have many different shapes and ways of living. Some are free-living, some are parasitic, and others form mutualistic relationships with other organisms, such as those found in the rumen. Many Proteobacteria are responsible for diseases in animals and humans. The largest and most diverse Bacterial phylum is the Proteobacteria. All are Gram-negative and show relationship based on 16s RNA comparison.
Correct Option: D
The phylum Proteobacteria is the largest and most diverse group of bacteria. They have many different shapes and ways of living. Some are free-living, some are parasitic, and others form mutualistic relationships with other organisms, such as those found in the rumen. Many Proteobacteria are responsible for diseases in animals and humans. The largest and most diverse Bacterial phylum is the Proteobacteria. All are Gram-negative and show relationship based on 16s RNA comparison.
