According to Darwin the organic evolution is due to intraspecific competition. Individuals of same species have variation in characteristics. Those characteristics which enable some to survive better in natural conditions (climate, food, physical factors etc.) would outbreed others that are less-endowed to survive under such natural conditions. There, therefore, will survive more and hence are selected by nature. He called it natural selection and implied it as a mechanism of evolution.

Correct Option: D

According to Darwin the organic evolution is due to intraspecific competition. Individuals of same species have variation in characteristics. Those characteristics which enable some to survive better in natural conditions (climate, food, physical factors etc.) would outbreed others that are less-endowed to survive under such natural conditions. There, therefore, will survive more and hence are selected by nature. He called it natural selection and implied it as a mechanism of evolution.

Genetic drift is random change in allele number and frequency in a gene pool due to chance (e.g., small size of population). It is caused by sampling error or error in gene pool sample that is to form the next generation. The sampling gene pool is generally small in size. Variability is also limited.

Correct Option: D

Genetic drift is random change in allele number and frequency in a gene pool due to chance (e.g., small size of population). It is caused by sampling error or error in gene pool sample that is to form the next generation. The sampling gene pool is generally small in size. Variability is also limited.

Darwin observed an amazing diversity of creatures on galapagos islands. He realised that there were many varieties of finches in the same island like seed-eating, with altered beaks insectivorous and vegetarian finches. Carrion are dead bodies. No finches feed on carrion.

Correct Option: B

Darwin observed an amazing diversity of creatures on galapagos islands. He realised that there were many varieties of finches in the same island like seed-eating, with altered beaks insectivorous and vegetarian finches. Carrion are dead bodies. No finches feed on carrion.

Mutations are alterations of genetic material. They occur frequently during DNA duplication in cell division. The idea of mutations was brought forth by Hugo de Vries. The plant on which de Vries had experimented was Oenothera lamarckiana (Evening primrose). The mutation observed by de Vries in Oenothera lamarckiana was chromosomal number variant.

Correct Option: B

Mutations are alterations of genetic material. They occur frequently during DNA duplication in cell division. The idea of mutations was brought forth by Hugo de Vries. The plant on which de Vries had experimented was Oenothera lamarckiana (Evening primrose). The mutation observed by de Vries in Oenothera lamarckiana was chromosomal number variant.

Darwin finches a good example of adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiation is a process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and radiating to other areas of geography.

Correct Option: C

Darwin finches a good example of adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiation is a process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and radiating to other areas of geography.