Genetic drift is random change in allele number and frequency in a gene pool due to chance (e.g., small size of population). It is caused by sampling error or error in gene pool sample that is to form the next generation. The sampling gene pool is generally small in size. Variability is also limited.

Correct Option: D

Genetic drift is random change in allele number and frequency in a gene pool due to chance (e.g., small size of population). It is caused by sampling error or error in gene pool sample that is to form the next generation. The sampling gene pool is generally small in size. Variability is also limited.

According to Darwin the organic evolution is due to intraspecific competition. Individuals of same species have variation in characteristics. Those characteristics which enable some to survive better in natural conditions (climate, food, physical factors etc.) would outbreed others that are less-endowed to survive under such natural conditions. There, therefore, will survive more and hence are selected by nature. He called it natural selection and implied it as a mechanism of evolution.

Correct Option: D

According to Darwin the organic evolution is due to intraspecific competition. Individuals of same species have variation in characteristics. Those characteristics which enable some to survive better in natural conditions (climate, food, physical factors etc.) would outbreed others that are less-endowed to survive under such natural conditions. There, therefore, will survive more and hence are selected by nature. He called it natural selection and implied it as a mechanism of evolution.

Genetic drift is variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection, sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called founder effect.

Correct Option: A

Genetic drift is variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection, sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called founder effect.

The wings is a classic example of convergent evolution. Flying insects, birds and bats same all evolved the capacity of flight independently. All four serve the same function and are similar in structure but anatomically different.

Correct Option: A

The wings is a classic example of convergent evolution. Flying insects, birds and bats same all evolved the capacity of flight independently. All four serve the same function and are similar in structure but anatomically different.

The eye of octopus and eye of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar functions. This is an example of analogous organs. Analogous organs have evolved due to convergent evolution. Analogous organs have developed in the evolutionary process through adaptation of quite different organisms to similar mode of life.

Correct Option: B

The eye of octopus and eye of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar functions. This is an example of analogous organs. Analogous organs have evolved due to convergent evolution. Analogous organs have developed in the evolutionary process through adaptation of quite different organisms to similar mode of life.