1 British pound sterling = 86.9932 Indian rupees; 1 US dollar = 54.3300 Indian rupees; 1 euro = 69.7163 Indian rupees; and 1 Saudi riyal = 14.4872 Indian rupees

Correct Option: A

1 British pound sterling = 86.9932 Indian rupees; 1 US dollar = 54.3300 Indian rupees; 1 euro = 69.7163 Indian rupees; and 1 Saudi riyal = 14.4872 Indian rupees

Infrastructure is basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function. The term typically refers to the technical structures that support a society, such as roads, bridges, water supply, sewers, electrical grids, telecommunications, and so forth, and can be defined as “the physical components of interrelated systems providing commodities and services essential to enable, sustain, or enhance societal living conditions.” Viewed functionally, infrastructure facilitates the production of goods and services, and also the distribution of finished products to markets, as well as basic social services such as schools and hospitals; for example, roads enable the transport of raw materials to a factory. So an investment in infrastructure does not include automobile industry which is a capital-based industry.

Correct Option: D

Infrastructure is basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function. The term typically refers to the technical structures that support a society, such as roads, bridges, water supply, sewers, electrical grids, telecommunications, and so forth, and can be defined as “the physical components of interrelated systems providing commodities and services essential to enable, sustain, or enhance societal living conditions.” Viewed functionally, infrastructure facilitates the production of goods and services, and also the distribution of finished products to markets, as well as basic social services such as schools and hospitals; for example, roads enable the transport of raw materials to a factory. So an investment in infrastructure does not include automobile industry which is a capital-based industry.

Damodar Valley Corporation is a thermal and hydro power generating public organization of India. It emerged as a culmination of attempts made over a whole century to control the wild and erratic Damodar River. By April 1947, full agreement was practically reached between the three Governments of Central, Bengal and Bihar on the implementation of the scheme and in March 1948, the Damodar Valley Corporation Act (Act No. XIV of 1948) was passed by the Central Legislature, requiring the three governments – the Central Government and the State Governments of West Bengal and Bihar (now Jharkhand) to participate jointly for the purpose of building the Damodar Valley Corporation. The Corporation came into existence on 7 July, 1948 as the first multipurpose river valley project and the first Public Sector Corporation of independent India.

Correct Option: D

Damodar Valley Corporation is a thermal and hydro power generating public organization of India. It emerged as a culmination of attempts made over a whole century to control the wild and erratic Damodar River. By April 1947, full agreement was practically reached between the three Governments of Central, Bengal and Bihar on the implementation of the scheme and in March 1948, the Damodar Valley Corporation Act (Act No. XIV of 1948) was passed by the Central Legislature, requiring the three governments – the Central Government and the State Governments of West Bengal and Bihar (now Jharkhand) to participate jointly for the purpose of building the Damodar Valley Corporation. The Corporation came into existence on 7 July, 1948 as the first multipurpose river valley project and the first Public Sector Corporation of independent India.

Open Market Operations (OMO) is the buying and selling of government securities in the open market in order to expand or contract the amount of money in the banking system. Purchases inject money into the banking system and stimulate growth while sales of securities do the opposite. OMOs are the market operations conducted by the Reserve Bank of India by way of sale/ purchase of Government securities to/ from the market with an objective to adjust the rupee liquidity conditions in the market on a durable basis.

Correct Option: C

Open Market Operations (OMO) is the buying and selling of government securities in the open market in order to expand or contract the amount of money in the banking system. Purchases inject money into the banking system and stimulate growth while sales of securities do the opposite. OMOs are the market operations conducted by the Reserve Bank of India by way of sale/ purchase of Government securities to/ from the market with an objective to adjust the rupee liquidity conditions in the market on a durable basis.

In India, there are some regulations and restrictions with regard to establishing industries in certain categories. This is done by making it mandatory to obtain licenses before setting up such an industry. The Licence Raj which continued till 1991 (liberalization was introduced) was a result of India’s decision to have a planned economy where all aspects of the economy are controlled by the state and licences are given to a select few. Up to 80 government agencies had to be satisfied before private companies could produce something and, if granted, the government would regulate production. The Industrial Policy Resolution 1956 aimed at the removal of regional disparities through development of regions with low industrial base. The Indian economy was then guided by the socialistic model of planned development rather than being guided by profit.

Correct Option: D

In India, there are some regulations and restrictions with regard to establishing industries in certain categories. This is done by making it mandatory to obtain licenses before setting up such an industry. The Licence Raj which continued till 1991 (liberalization was introduced) was a result of India’s decision to have a planned economy where all aspects of the economy are controlled by the state and licences are given to a select few. Up to 80 government agencies had to be satisfied before private companies could produce something and, if granted, the government would regulate production. The Industrial Policy Resolution 1956 aimed at the removal of regional disparities through development of regions with low industrial base. The Indian economy was then guided by the socialistic model of planned development rather than being guided by profit.