In 2000, Norway was invited by a joint venture between the Sri Lankan government headed by President Kumaratunga and the Tamil Tigers (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) to take the role of facilitator in the peace process. In 2002, a cease-fire agreement was established between the Sri Lankan government and the Tamil Tigers. In 2006, the cease-fire agreement was renewed by incoming President Mahindra Rajapaksa. However, in 2008, the Sri Lankan government headed by President Mahindra Rajapaksa axed the peace deal. The Sri Lankan Monitoring Mission (SLMM) with the majority of the officers from Norway had to leave the country. Subsequently, the Tamil Tigers were totally defeated by the Sri Lankan government in May 2009. Norway’s peace efforts in Sri Lanka from 1997 to 2009 produced nothing functional but the ephemeral cease-fire agreement with broader implications between the two warring parties. Norway’s role in the Sri Lankan peace process is by and large a failed undertaking on the subject of bringing an end to the civil war.

Correct Option: B

In 2000, Norway was invited by a joint venture between the Sri Lankan government headed by President Kumaratunga and the Tamil Tigers (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) to take the role of facilitator in the peace process. In 2002, a cease-fire agreement was established between the Sri Lankan government and the Tamil Tigers. In 2006, the cease-fire agreement was renewed by incoming President Mahindra Rajapaksa. However, in 2008, the Sri Lankan government headed by President Mahindra Rajapaksa axed the peace deal. The Sri Lankan Monitoring Mission (SLMM) with the majority of the officers from Norway had to leave the country. Subsequently, the Tamil Tigers were totally defeated by the Sri Lankan government in May 2009. Norway’s peace efforts in Sri Lanka from 1997 to 2009 produced nothing functional but the ephemeral cease-fire agreement with broader implications between the two warring parties. Norway’s role in the Sri Lankan peace process is by and large a failed undertaking on the subject of bringing an end to the civil war.

Colombia hosted the 11th NAM Summit in October 1995. The summit was held at Cartagena.
Note: The 17th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was held between September 13-18 in Margarita, Venezuela Hon’ble Vice President Shri M. Hamid Ansari led the Indian delegation at the 17th Summit of the (NAM). 18th Summit will be hosted by Azerbaijan in 2019.

Correct Option: B

Colombia hosted the 11th NAM Summit in October 1995. The summit was held at Cartagena.
Note: The 17th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was held between September 13-18 in Margarita, Venezuela Hon’ble Vice President Shri M. Hamid Ansari led the Indian delegation at the 17th Summit of the (NAM). 18th Summit will be hosted by Azerbaijan in 2019.

The Ottawa Treaty or the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention, officially known as the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction, aims at eliminating anti-personnel landmines (AP-mines) around the world. To date, there are 160 States Parties to the treaty. The Convention gained 122 country signatures when it opened for signing on 3 December, 1997 in Ottawa, Canada. Currently, there are 160 States Parties to the Treaty. On 17 September, 1998, Burkina Faso became the 40th country to ratify the Landmines Treaty, triggering its entry into force in March 1999, record time for an international treaty. The Ottawa Process launched in October 1996 and concluding with the Convention’s opening for signature, won Jody Williams and the ICBL the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997.

Correct Option: B

The Ottawa Treaty or the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention, officially known as the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction, aims at eliminating anti-personnel landmines (AP-mines) around the world. To date, there are 160 States Parties to the treaty. The Convention gained 122 country signatures when it opened for signing on 3 December, 1997 in Ottawa, Canada. Currently, there are 160 States Parties to the Treaty. On 17 September, 1998, Burkina Faso became the 40th country to ratify the Landmines Treaty, triggering its entry into force in March 1999, record time for an international treaty. The Ottawa Process launched in October 1996 and concluding with the Convention’s opening for signature, won Jody Williams and the ICBL the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997.

In April 2002, the Netherlands became the first country in the world to legalize euthanasia. If a physician in the Netherlands follows the strict legal requirements for committing voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide, the doctor will not be prosecuted. The basics requirements are as follows: The patient must have already been in the doctor’s care for a period of time. The patient’s suffering is unbearable, and she or he has no hope of recovery. The patient makes a deliberate and voluntary request that she or he has discussed thoroughly with the doctor. The doctor consults a colleague who agrees that these criteria have been met. Belgium became the second country to legalize euthanasia in September 2002. The Belgian law also lays out specific requirements for the doctor and patient, similar to the Dutch law.
Note: As of June 2016, human euthanasia is legal in the Netherlands, Belgium, Colombia, and Luxembourg. Assisted suicide is legal in Switzerland, Germany, Japan, Canada, and in the US states of Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Vermont, Montana, Washington DC, and California. Passive euthanasia is legal in India. Active euthanasia is illegal in India.

Correct Option: C

In April 2002, the Netherlands became the first country in the world to legalize euthanasia. If a physician in the Netherlands follows the strict legal requirements for committing voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide, the doctor will not be prosecuted. The basics requirements are as follows: The patient must have already been in the doctor’s care for a period of time. The patient’s suffering is unbearable, and she or he has no hope of recovery. The patient makes a deliberate and voluntary request that she or he has discussed thoroughly with the doctor. The doctor consults a colleague who agrees that these criteria have been met. Belgium became the second country to legalize euthanasia in September 2002. The Belgian law also lays out specific requirements for the doctor and patient, similar to the Dutch law.
Note: As of June 2016, human euthanasia is legal in the Netherlands, Belgium, Colombia, and Luxembourg. Assisted suicide is legal in Switzerland, Germany, Japan, Canada, and in the US states of Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Vermont, Montana, Washington DC, and California. Passive euthanasia is legal in India. Active euthanasia is illegal in India.

New Zealand is identified as one of the world’s most stable and well-governed nations. As of 2011, the country was ranked 5th in the strength of its democratic institutions and 1st in government transparency and lack of corruption. New Zealand has a high level of civic participation, with 79% voter turnout during the most recent elections, compared to an OECD average of 72%. Furthermore, 67% of New Zealanders say they trust their political institutions, far higher than the OECD average of 56%. New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses that of the North and South Islands and numerous smaller islands.
Note: The latest rankings released in 2017 put New Zealand and Denmark in joint first place with a score of 90, followed by Finland, Sweden, Switzerland, Norway, Singapore, Netherlands and Canada. The Berlin-based corruption watchdog Transparency International (TI) has put India at rank 79 out of 176 countries in its latest Corruption Perception Index.

Correct Option: A

New Zealand is identified as one of the world’s most stable and well-governed nations. As of 2011, the country was ranked 5th in the strength of its democratic institutions and 1st in government transparency and lack of corruption. New Zealand has a high level of civic participation, with 79% voter turnout during the most recent elections, compared to an OECD average of 72%. Furthermore, 67% of New Zealanders say they trust their political institutions, far higher than the OECD average of 56%. New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses that of the North and South Islands and numerous smaller islands.
Note: The latest rankings released in 2017 put New Zealand and Denmark in joint first place with a score of 90, followed by Finland, Sweden, Switzerland, Norway, Singapore, Netherlands and Canada. The Berlin-based corruption watchdog Transparency International (TI) has put India at rank 79 out of 176 countries in its latest Corruption Perception Index.