What is the significance of the statement “GROUP BY d.name”

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What is the significance of the statement “GROUP BY d.name” in the given query?

SELECT p.name, COUNT (emp_id) Per_no
FROM Person p INNER JOIN Employee em
ON p.per_id=em.emp_id
GROUP BY p.name

1. Aggregation of the field “name” of table “department”
2. Sorting of the field “name”
3. Aggregation of the field “name” of both table
4. All of above
5. None of these

“GROUP BY” clause s used for aggregation of field.