Introduction to Data Interpretation


Introduction to Data Interpretation

Direction: Study the following graphs carefully and answer the questions given below:

  1. Approximately what was the expenditure in 1994?











  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    Let us assume E was the expenditure in 1994.
    As we can see in the graph given that,
    Profit = 15 % ,
    Income in 1994 = 160
    Then according to question,
    E + E x 15 % = 160

    Correct Option: C

    Let us assume E was the expenditure in 1994.
    As we can see in the graph given that,
    Profit = 15 % ,
    Income in 1994 = 160
    Then according to question,
    E + E x 15 % = 160
    E + E x 15 /100 = 160
    (100E + E x 15 ) /100 = 160
    115E / 100 = 160
    115E = 160 x 100
    E = 160 x 100 / 115
    E = 139.13
    Expenditure in 1994 E = 139.13 ≈ 140 Million


  1. If the profit percentage in 1997 was 25, what would have been the expenditure in that year?











  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    Let us assume E was the expenditure in 1997.
    As we can see in the graph given that,
    Income in 1997 = 190
    Profit = 25 % (Given in the question.)
    Then according to question,
    E + E x 25 % = 190

    Correct Option: D

    Let us assume E was the expenditure in 1997.
    As we can see in the given graph that,
    Income in 1997 = 190
    Profit = 25 % (Given in the question.)
    Then according to question,
    E + E x 25 % = 190
    E + E x 25 /100 = 190
    (100E + E x 25 ) /100 = 190
    125E / 100 = 160
    125E = 190 x 100
    E = 190 x 100 / 125 = 190 x 4 / 5 = 38 x 4
    E = 152
    Expenditure in 1997 E = 152 Million



  1. Approximately what was the average expenditure of the given years?











  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    Total expenditure in 6 years = ( expenditure in 1993 + expenditure in 1994 + expenditure in 1995 + expenditure in 1996 + expenditure in 1997 + expenditure in 1998 ).
    As we can see in the given graph that,
    Income in 1993 = 120
    Profit = 7.5 %
    Then Expenditure in 1993 = 120 X 100 / 107.5
    Similarly
    Expenditure in 1994 = 160 X 100 / 115
    Expenditure in 1995 = 130 X 100 / 122.5
    Expenditure in 1996 = 170 X 100 / 117.5
    Expenditure in 1997 = 190 X 100 / 120
    Expenditure in 1998 = 150 X 100 / 127.5

    Correct Option: B

    Total expenditure in 6 years = ( expenditure in 1993 + expenditure in 1994 + expenditure in 1995 + expenditure in 1996 + expenditure in 1997 + expenditure in 1998 ).
    As we can see in the given graph that,
    Income in 1993 = 120
    Profit = 7.5 %
    Then Expenditure in 1993 = 120 X 100 / 107.5
    Similarly
    Expenditure in 1994 = 160 X 100 / 115
    Expenditure in 1995 = 130 X 100 / 122.5
    Expenditure in 1996 = 170 X 100 / 117.5
    Expenditure in 1997 = 190 X 100 / 120
    Expenditure in 1998 = 150 X 100 / 127.5
    Total Expenditure in 6 years = ( 120 X 100 / 107.5 ) + ( 160 X 100 / 115 ) + ( 130 X 100/122.5 ) + ( 170 X 100 / 117.5 ) + ( 190 X 110 / 120 ) + ( 150 X 100/127.5 )
    Total Expenditure in 6 years = 111.6 2 +139.13 + 106.16 + 144.68 + 158.33 + 117.64
    Total Expenditure in 6 years = 777.56
    Average expenditure per years = 777.56 / 6 = 12 .59 ≈ $ 130 Million


  1. In which of the following years was the amount of profit the maximum?











  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    We can use the direct formula for

    Profit= Income x 1-100
    100 + % profit

    Correct Option: E

    We can use the direct formulae for

    Profit = Income x 1-100
    100 + % profit

    Calculate the profit for each year n compare them.
    We can see that the profit is maximum in 1998.



  1. In which of the following years was the increase/ decrease in percent profit from the previous year the minimum?











  1. View Hint View Answer Discuss in Forum

    We can use the direct formula for

    Loss= Income x 1-100
    100 - % Loss


    Calculate the Percent increase/decrease from the previous year.


    Correct Option: A

    We can use the direct formula for

    Loss= Income x 1-100
    100 - % Loss

    Percent profit increase/decrease from the previous year