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  1. The error response of a second order system to a step input is obtained as
    E (t) = 1.66 e–8t sin (6t + 37°).
    The damping ratio is—
    1. 0.4
    2. 0.5
    3. 0.8
    4. 1.0
Correct Option: C

Given E(t) = 1.66 e–8t sin (6t + 37°) …(A)
on comparing above equation (A) with the standard equation

E(t) =
ωn
e–ωnt sin (ωn1 – ξ2 t ± φ)
1 - ξ2
…(B)
we get,
ωn1 – ξ2 = 6 …(i)
ξωn = 8 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
1 – ξ2
=
6
=
3
84

or,
1 - ξ2
=
9
⇒ 16 - 16ξ2 = 9ξ2
ξ216

25ξ2 = 16
ξ =
4
= 0.8
5



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