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  1. If the closed-loop transfer function of unity negative feedback system is given by
    T(s) =
    an-1 s+an
    sn + a1sn-1 + ........+an-1s+an

    then the steady state error for a unit ramp is—
    1. an. an – 1
    2. an. an – 2
    3. an – 2. an
    4. Zero
Correct Option: C

GivenT.F. =
G(s)
1 + G(s) H(s)

=
an-1 s+an
sn + a1sn-1 + ........+an-1s+an

or
G(s)
=
an-1 s+an
1 + G(s)sn + a1sn-1 + ........+an-1s+an

[∴ H(s) = 1]
[1 + G(s)an – 1 s + an] = G(s) [sn + a1 sn–1 + a2 sn – 2 … + an– 1 s + an]
or
an = G(s) [sn + a1sn–1 + a2 sn–2 + … + an–2s2]
or
G(s) =
an
[sn + a1 sn–1 + a2 sn–2 + … + an–2 s2]

Now,
ess = s → 0Lim
R(s)
1 + G(s)H(s)

= s → 0Lim
1/s2
1 + [sn + a1sn-1 + a2sn-2 + ......+an-2s2].1

[If r(t) = tu(t) then R(s) = 1/s2]
= s → 0Lim
sn+a1sn-1+a2sn-2+........+an-2s2
s2 [sn + a1sn-1 + a2sn-2 + ......+an-2s2an]

= an–2/an
Hence alternative (C) is the correct choice.



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