Correct Option: C

Liu Xiaobo is a Chinese literary critic, writer, professor, and human rights activist who called for political reforms and the end of communist singleparty rule. He is currently incarcerated as a political prisoner in Jinzhou, Liaoning. Liu has served from 2003 to 2007 as President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center, an organization funded by the National Endowment for Democracy, which in turn is almost entirely funded by the US Congress. He was also the President of NED-funded Min Zhu Zhong Guo (Democratic China) magazine since the mid-1990s. On 8 December, 2008, Liu was detained because of his participation with the Charter 08 manifesto. He was formally arrested on 23 June, 2009 on suspicion of “inciting subversion of state power.” He was tried on the same charges on 23 December, 2009, and sentenced to eleven years’ imprisonment and two years’ deprivation of political rights on 25 December, 2009. Note : The Prize in Economics is not one of the original Nobel Prizes created by Alfred Nobel’s. The prize was established in 1968 by a donation from Sweden’s central bank, the Swedish National Bank. The Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded jointly to Oliver Hart and Bengt Holmström for year 2016.