Correct Option: E

The concept of the exclusive economic zone is one of the most important pillars of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea. It establishes the principle of a 200-nautical-mile limit on a nation’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) whereby a nation controls the undersea resources, primarily fishing and seabed mining, for a distance of 200 nautical miles from its shore. In colloquial usage, the term may include the territorial sea and even the continental shelf beyond the 200-mile limit. Generally, a state’s EEZ extends to a distance of 200 nautical miles (370 km) out from its coastal baseline. The exception to this rule occurs when EEZs would overlap; that is, state coastal baselines are less than 400 nautical miles (740 km) apart.