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  1. A power system has two generating plants and the power is being dispatched economically with P1 = 125 MW and P2 = 250 M W. The loss coefficients are B11 = 0.10 × 102 MW–1 , B12 = – 0.01 × 10–2 MW–1, B22 = 0.13 × 10–2 MW–1to raise the total load on the system by 1 MW will cost an additional ₹ 200 per hour. The penalty factor for plant 1 will be __________
    1. 1.25
    2. 12.5
    3. 1.25
    4. 0.125
Correct Option: C

PL = P²1 B11 + 2P1 P2 B12 + P²2 B22

∂P1
= 2P1B11 + 2P2B22 = 0
∂P1

= 2 × 125 × 0.10 × 10–2 + 2 × 250 × (– 0.01 × 10–2) + 0 = (0.250 – 0.05) = 0.20
Putting factor for Plant 1,
L1 =
1
=
1
= 1.25
1 -
∂PL
(1 - 0.20)
∂P1



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