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Which of the following can be used to absorb neutrons to control the chain reaction during nuclear fission ?
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- Boron
- Heavy water
- Uranium
- Plutonium
- Boron
Correct Option: A
Boron shielding is used as a control for nuclear reactors, taking advantage of its high cross-section for neutron capture. Elemental boron is rare and poorly studied because the material is extremely difficult to prepare. Most studies on “boron” involve samples that contain small amounts of carbon. Chemically, boron behaves more similarly to silicon than to aluminium. Crystalline boron is chemically inert and resistant to attack by boiling hydrofluoric or hydrochloric acid. When finely divided, it is attacked slowly by hot concentrated hydrogen peroxide, hot concentrated nitric acid, hot sulfuric acid or hot mixture of sulfuric and chromic acids. The rate of oxidation of boron depends upon the crystallinity, particle size, purity and temperature. Boron does not react with air at room temperature, but at higher temperatures it burns to form boron trioxide