Correct Option: A

The basic structure doctrine was first articulated by Justice Hans Raj Khanna in the landmark decision of Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (case citation: AIR 1973 SC 1461). Previously, the Supreme Court had held that the power of parliament to amend the constitution was unfettered. However, in this landmark ruling, the court adjudicated that while parliament has “wide” powers, it did not have the power to destroy or emasculate the basic elements or fundamental features of the constitution