If the magnetic dipole moment of an atom of diamagnetic

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If the magnetic dipole moment of an atom of diamagnetic material, paramagnetic material and ferromagnetic material are denoted by µ_d, µ_p and µ_f respectively, then

1. µ_d = 0 and µ_p ≠ 0
2. µ_d ≠ 0 and µ_p = 0
3. µ_p = 0 and µ_f ≠ 0
4. µ_d ≠ 0 and µ_f ≠ 0

Correct Option: A

The magnetic dipole moment of diamag-netic material is zero as each of its pair of electrons have opposite spins, i.e., µ_d = 0.
Paramagnetic substances have dipole moment > 0, i.e. µ_p ≠ 0, because of excess of electrons in its molecules spinning in the same direction. Ferro-magnetic substances are very strong magnets and they also have permanent magnetic moment, i.e. µ_f ≠ 0.