Correct Option: A

The central pollution control board (CPCB), statutory organisation, was constituted in September, 1974 under the water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974. Further, CPCB was entrusted with the powers and functions under Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1981. It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forest, of the provisions of the Environments (protection) Act, 1986. Principal functions of the CPCB, as spelt out in the water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974, and the Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act, 1981.
(i) to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the states by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution.
(ii) to improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country. According to CPCB, 2.5 or less particulate size in diameter (in micrometers) of the air pollutants is responsible for greatest harm to human health.